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The buccal cavity of the fish is of modest size and limited capacity, which is considered an adaptation with respect to the small\u2010sized food items primarily consumed by the fish that could be accommodated in a small space. Modification of surface epithelial cells, on the upper jaw, into characteristic structures\u2014the unculi\u2014is considered an adaptation to browse or scrap, to grasp food materials, e.g., algal felts, and to protect the epithelial surface against abrasions, likely to occur during their characteristic feeding behavior. Differentiation of the highly specialized lamellar organ on the anterior region of the palate could be an adaptation playing a significant role in the selection, retention, and sorting out of palatable food particles from the unpalatable items ingested by the fish. The filamentous epithelial projections and the lingulate epithelial projections on the palatal organ in the posterior region of the palate are considered to serve a critical function in final selection, handling, maneuvering, and propelling the food particles toward the esophagus. The abundance of different categories of taste buds in the buccal cavity suggests that gustation is well developed and the fish is highly responsive in the evaluation and the selection of the preferred palatable food items. The secretions of mucous cells in the buccal cavity are associated with multiple functions\u2014particle entrapment, lubrication of the buccal epithelium and food particles to assist smooth passage of food, and to protect the epithelium from possible abrasion. These morphological characteristics ensure efficient working of the buccal cavity in the assessment of the quality and palatability of ingested food, their retention and transport toward the esophagus. Such an adaptation may be essential in conducting the function most basic to the survival of the individuals and species\u2014feeding. J. Morphol. 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,3]],"date-time":"2009-01-03T07:33:33Z","timestamp":1230968013000},"page":"714-728","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Morphological specializations of the buccal cavity in relation to the food and feeding habit of a carp <i>Cirrhinus mrigala<\/i>: A scanning electron microscopic investigation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"270","author":[{"given":"Madhu","family":"Yashpal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usha","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swati","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay Kumar","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2006.00682.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"Structural modifications and histochemistry of the epithelia of lips and associated structures of a carp\u2014Labeo rohita","volume":"103","author":"Agrawal N","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur Arch Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z92-011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"On the functional morphology of the alimentary tract of some fish in relation to differences in their feeding habits: Anatomy and histology","volume":"90","author":"Al\u2010Hussaini AH","year":"1949","journal-title":"Q J Microsc Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051900110"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/1638"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000125438"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1997.tb02518.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Amphiliidae of southern Africa and record of Amphilius lampei Piepschmann, 1913, from the Inyanga Mountains, Rhodesia","volume":"6","author":"Bell\u2010Cross G","year":"1973","journal-title":"Arnoldia"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1986.tb00638.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"272","article-title":"Adaptive modifications in a hill stream catfish. 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