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In birds, normal lung function requires extensive, dorsally situated nonvascularized abdominal air\u2010sacs ventilated by an expansive sternum and specially hinged costal ribs. The thin walled and voluminous abdominal air\u2010sacs are supported laterally and caudally to prevent inward (paradoxical) collapse during generation of negative (inhalatory) pressure: the synsacrum, posteriorly directed, laterally open pubes and specialized femoral\u2010thigh complex provide requisite support and largely prevent inhalatory collapse. In comparison, theropod dinosaurs probably lacked similarly enlarged abdominal air\u2010sacs, and skeleto\u2010muscular modifications consistent with their ventilation. In the absence of enlarged, functional abdominal air\u2010sacs, theropods were unlikely to have possessed a specialized bird\u2010like, air\u2010sac lung. The likely absence of bird\u2010like pulmonary function in theropods is inconsistent with suggestions of cardiovascular anatomy more sophisticated than that of modern crocodilians. J. Morphol. 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,21]],"date-time":"2009-05-21T00:01:57Z","timestamp":1242864117000},"page":"1232-1246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cardio\u2010pulmonary anatomy in theropod dinosaurs: Implications from extant archosaurs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"270","author":[{"given":"Devon E.","family":"Quick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Ruben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"133","volume-title":"Handbook of Avian Anatomy: Nomina Anatomica Avium","author":"Baumel 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