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Reconstructing joint anatomy and function of extinct vertebrates is critical to understanding their posture, locomotor behavior, ecology, and evolution. However, the lack of soft tissues in fossil taxa makes accurate inferences of joint function difficult. Here, we describe the soft tissue anatomies and their osteological correlates in the hip joint of archosaurs and their sauropsid outgroups, and infer structural homology across the extant taxa. A comparative sample of 35 species of birds, crocodylians, lepidosaurs, and turtles ranging from hatchling to skeletally mature adult were studied using dissection, imaging, and histology. Birds and crocodylians possess topologically and histologically consistent articular soft tissues in their hip joints. Epiphyseal cartilages, fibrocartilages, and ligaments leave consistent osteological correlates. The archosaur acetabulum possesses distinct labrum and antitrochanter structures on the supraacetabulum. The ligamentum capitis femoris consists of distinct pubic\u2010 and ischial attachments, and is homologous with the ventral capsular ligament of lepidosaurs. The proximal femur has a hyaline cartilage core attached to the metaphysis via a fibrocartilaginous sleeve. This study provides new insight into soft tissue structures and their osteological correlates (e.g., the antitrochanter, the fovea capitis, and the metaphyseal collar) in the archosaur hip joint. The topological arrangement of fibro\u2010 and hyaline cartilage may provide mechanical support for the chondroepiphysis. The osteological correlates identified here will inform systematic and functional analyses of archosaur hindlimb evolution and provide the anatomical foundation for biomechanical investigations of joint tissues. J. Morphol. 276:601\u2013630, 2015. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.20360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,29]],"date-time":"2014-12-29T12:55:25Z","timestamp":1419857725000},"page":"601-630","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Articular soft tissue anatomy of the archosaur hip joint: Structural homology and functional implications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"276","author":[{"given":"Henry P.","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65212"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casey M.","family":"Holliday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65212"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.91B1.21421"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.262.5142.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"363","article-title":"The structure and functions of fibrocartilages within vertebrate joints","volume":"88","author":"Barnett CH","year":"1954","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"1339","article-title":"Disparity and convergence in bipedal archosaur locomotion","volume":"9","author":"Bates KT","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Royal Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724630903409329"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2011.01469.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"133","volume-title":"Arthrologia. 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