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Besides hearing, the detection of acceleration and orientation in space are key functions of this mechanosensory system.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The symposium \u201cshow me your ear \u2013 the inner and middle ear in vertebrates\u201d held at the 11th International Congress of Vertebrate Morphology (ICVM) 2016 in Washington, DC (USA) intended to present current research addressing adaptation and evolution of the vertebrate otic region, auditory ossicles, vestibular system, and hearing physiology. The symposium aimed at an audience with interest in hearing research focusing on morphological, functional, and comparative studies. The presented talks and posters lead to the contributions of this virtual issue highlighting recent advances in the vertebrate balance and hearing system. 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