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This chamber and the surrounding soft\u2010tissue is herein termed the median pharyngeal valve. In the American alligator (<jats:italic>Alligator mississippiensis<\/jats:italic>) this valve opens, for a duration of 0.3 s, approximately every 120\u2009s; the patency of the median pharyngeal valve was not influenced by either auditory stimuli or by submersing the alligator underwater. The median pharyngeal valve has an outer capsule of dense connective tissue and fibrocartilage and an inner \u201cplug\u201d of loose connective tissue. These opposing surfaces are lined by respiratory epithelium and separated by a cavity that is continuous with the middle ear cavities and the pharyngeal lumen (through a central opening in the capsule termed the pore). The inner plug of the median pharyngeal valve is contacted by skeletal muscles positioned to serve as both elevators\/retractors (which would open the valve) and elevators\/protractors (which, in conjunction with gravity, would close the valve). Unlike other vertebrate valve systems, the median pharyngeal valve appears to function as a deformable ball check valve.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.20914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]],"date-time":"2018-12-05T09:22:10Z","timestamp":1544001730000},"page":"58-67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["On the median pharyngeal valve of the American alligator (<i>Alligator mississippiensis<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"280","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0988-7731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce A.","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A.T. 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