{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T23:52:18Z","timestamp":1775087538178,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012163","name":"Universit\u00e4t Innsbruck","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012163","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Morphology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed the adult musculature of two prolecithophoran species, <jats:italic>Cylindrostoma monotrochum<\/jats:italic> (von Graff, 1882) and <jats:italic>Monoophorum striatum<\/jats:italic> (von Graff, 1878) using a phalloidin\u2010rhodamine technique. As in all rhabdithophoran flatworms, the body\u2010wall musculature consisted of three muscle layers: on the outer side was a layer of circular muscle fibers and on the inner side was a layer of longitudinal muscle fibers; between them were two different types of diagonally orientated fibers, which is unusual for flatworms. The musculature of the pharynx consisted of a basket\u2010shaped grid of thin longitudinal and circular fibers. Thick anchoring muscle fibers forming a petal\u2010like shape connected the proximal parts of the pharynx with the body\u2010wall musculature. Male genital organs consisted of paired seminal vesicles, a granular vesicle, and an invaginated penis. Peculiar ring\u2010shaped muscles were only found in <jats:italic>M. striatum<\/jats:italic>, predominantly in the anterior body part. In the same species, seminal vesicles and penis only had circular musculature, while in <jats:italic>C. monotrochum<\/jats:italic> also longitudinal musculature was found in these organs. Female genital organs were only present in <jats:italic>M. striatum<\/jats:italic>, where we characterized a vagina interna, and a bursa seminalis. Transverse, crossover, and dorsoventral muscle fibers were lacking in the middle of the body and greatly varied in number and position in both species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.21039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T10:50:49Z","timestamp":1563447049000},"page":"1393-1404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The adult musculature of two pseudostomid species reveals unique patterns for flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Prolecithophora)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"280","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5439-6667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra L.","family":"Grosbusch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Evolutionary Developmental Biology Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck  Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8892-1538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Bertemes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Evolutionary Developmental Biology Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck  Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6353-9458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Egger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Evolutionary Developmental Biology Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck  Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"167","article-title":"Untersuchungen \u00fcber rhabdoc\u00f6le Turbellarien. 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