{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T18:13:46Z","timestamp":1770142426284,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Morphology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ctenostome bryozoans are a small group of gymnolaemates that comprise only a few hundred described species. Soft\u2010tissue morphology remains the most important source for analysing morphological characters and inferring relationships within this clade. The current study focuses on the genus <jats:italic>Sundanella<\/jats:italic>, for which morphological data is scarce to almost absent. We studied two species of the genus, including one new to science, using histology and three\u2010dimensional reconstruction techniques and confocal laser scanning microscopy. <jats:italic>Sundanella<\/jats:italic> generally has a thick, sometimes arborescent cuticle and multiporous interzooidal pore plates. The lophophore is bilateral with an oral rejection tract and generally has 30 or 31 tentacles in both species. The digestive tract shows a large cardia in <jats:italic>S. floridensis<\/jats:italic> sp. nov. and an extremely elongated intestine in <jats:italic>Sundanella sibogae<\/jats:italic>. Both terminate via a vestibular anus. Only parietodiaphragmatic muscles are present and four to six duplicature bands. Both species show a large broad frontal duplicature band further splitting into four individual bands. The collar is vestibular. <jats:italic>Sundanella sibogae<\/jats:italic> shows highly vacuolated cells at the diaphragm, whereas <jats:italic>S. floridensis<\/jats:italic> sp. nov. has unique glandular pouches at the diaphragmal area of the tentacle sheath. Such apertural glands have never been encountered in other ctenostomes. Both species of <jats:italic>Sundanella<\/jats:italic> are brooders that brood embryos either in the vestibular or cystid wall. Taken together, the current analysis shows numerous characteristics that refute an assignment of <jats:italic>Sundanella<\/jats:italic> to victorellid ctenostomes, which only show superficial resemblance, but differ substantially in most of their soft\u2010body morphological traits. Instead, a close relationship with other multiporate ctenostomes is evident and the families Pherusellidae, Flustrellidrae and Sundanellidae should be summarized as clade \u2018Multiporata\u2019 in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.21494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T14:08:59Z","timestamp":1657030139000},"page":"1139-1162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 5. <i>Sundanella<\/i>, with description of a new species from the Western Atlantic and the Multiporata concept"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"283","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0526-6791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Schwaha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith E.","family":"Winston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smithsonian Marine Station Fort Pierce Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis P.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"393","article-title":"The ciliary feeding mechanism of the entoproct Polyzoa, and a comparison with that of the ectoproct Polyzoa","volume":"75","author":"Atkins D.","year":"1932","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"565","volume-title":"Bryozoa 1974","author":"Banta W. 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