{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:12:06Z","timestamp":1772118726224,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003074","name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PICT2019\u201003867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT2019\u201003867"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Morphology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes) are pursuit divers that feed mainly on krill, fish, and squid. Although they are opportunistic feeders, some species are more generalists than others and many show dietary preferences toward\u00a0krill and other crustaceans or fish and squid. Their diving depth seems to follow a body size pattern and relates to the type of item that they prey on. Penguins dive with their wing; hence their wing musculature is responsible for the animal maneuverability and strength while diving. In the present study, ecological traits such as diving depths and prey composition are used to explore if morphology relates to foraging habits. A geometric morphometric approach is used to quantitatively address these morphological differences in the wing apparatus of all extant penguins and a fossil species taking into consideration allometric and phylogenetic factors. Results show that morphological differences among penguins with different diets are significant and strong; groups are well separated with the greatest differences found between piscivorous and crustacivorous penguins. Dive depth has a moderate covariation with morphology and a strong correspondence with wing area. Last,\n                    <jats:italic>Madrynornis mirandus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , an exceptionally well\u2010preserved fossil from the Miocene of Patagonia, is found to be close to the piscivorous and generalist piscivorous species. It is proposed that swimming styles correlate with specific traits of the anatomy of wing and pectoral girdle skeleton and muscles.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.21588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T13:29:40Z","timestamp":1682170180000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ecomorphological variation of the penguin wing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"284","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6335-2105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia Soledad","family":"Haidr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (FML\u2010CONICET) San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n Tucum\u00e1n Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13130\/2039-4942\/5938"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13679\/j.advps.2019.0014"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"299","article-title":"A new Miocene penguin from Patagonia and its phylogenetic relationships","volume":"52","author":"Acosta Hospitaleche C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Palaeontologica Polonica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Suparyanto dan Rosad (2015)","author":"Alexander R. M.","year":"2006"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"645","article-title":"Morphologic\u2010functional study of the locomotor system of penguins as a general model of movement in under\u2010water flight. I","volume":"132","author":"Bannasch R.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gegenbaurs Morphologisches Jahrbuch"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"757","article-title":"Morphologic\u2010functional study of the locomotor system of penguins as a general model of movement in under\u2010water flight. II","volume":"132","author":"Bannasch R.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gegenbaurs Morphologisches Jahrbuch"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Morphologic\u2010functional study of the locomotor system of penguins as a general model of movement in under\u2010water flight. III","volume":"133","author":"Bannasch R.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gegenbaurs Morphologisches Jahrbuch"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511983641.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1369201"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mmbia.1996.534080"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"Booth J. M.(2011). Trophic ecology of breeding Northern Rockhopper Penguins Eudyptes moseleyi at Tristan da Cunha South Atlantic Ocean. Master Thesis (December) 1\u2013191."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10336-021-01868-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2173\/bow.galpen1.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5710\/AMGH.14.02.2014.637"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/pab.2020.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-008-0974-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1979.tb03424.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msz017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/4616"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00238463"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps07307"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.2018.1445636"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0608477104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10914-020-09518-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icw123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.2021.1953047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02291478"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03115518.2014.870413"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis","volume":"4","author":"Hammer \u00d8.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Palaeontologia Electronica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/MU9880219"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z85-318"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/physzool.61.4.30161252"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Review penguin past: The current state of knowledge","volume":"30","author":"Jadwiszczak P.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Polish Polar Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps156205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klingenberg C. P.(2009). Morphometric integration and modularity in configurations of landmarks: Tools for evaluating a priori hypotheses.Evolution & Development 421 405\u2013421.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1525-142X.2009.00347.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-142X.2009.00347.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2010.02924.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syp106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syt025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps267281"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119990475.ch6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08912960600658376"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2008.00927.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.2012.652051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195112450.003.0010","article-title":"Opening of drake passage and its impact on cenozoic ocean","volume":"39","author":"Lawver L. A.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Tectonic Boundary Conditions for Climate Reconstructions"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps302245"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1989.tb02582.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2992\/0145-9058(2006)37"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-010-1790-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"Functional anatomy of the penguin flipper","volume":"63","author":"Louw G. J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the South African Veterinary Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/40.3.304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","first-page":"140","volume-title":"Handbook of the birds of the world","author":"Mart\u00ednez I.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2173\/bow.magpen1.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10336-017-1451-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/d12020046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03115518.2019.1641619"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/106351599260526"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954102015000504"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-021-01509-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gigascience\/giz117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.150.1.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1875-306X(08)00001-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026642"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","article-title":"The tps series of software","volume":"26","author":"Rohlf J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hystrix"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5479\/si.00810282.341"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/D12050173"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/pab.2016.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Oryctos","author":"Tambussi C. P.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2020.1497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icx074"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13887890.2018.1564074"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-015-2794-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00300-006-0168-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","volume-title":"Bird families of the world. 2. The penguins: Spheniscidae","author":"Williams T. D.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01647164"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","volume-title":"Geometric morphometrics for biologists: A primer","author":"Zelditch M. L.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-02270-0_4"}],"container-title":["Journal of Morphology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmor.21588","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T02:27:41Z","timestamp":1702261661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmor.21588"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmor.21588"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmor.21588","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JMOR.21588\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JMOR.21588\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JMOR.21588\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JMOR.21588\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0362-2525","1097-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0362-2525","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-01-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e21588"}}