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Metabolite ratios, and the presence of lactate, were compared with 38 age\u2010matched controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Metabolite ratios of patients were within the 95% confidence interval (CI) of controls. A small lactate resonance was detected in 20% of control and hydrocephalic subjects. Lactate was consistently visible in CSF spectra, though lactate concentrations were normal. The CSF lactate T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was long in comparison with the known intracellular metabolite T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> relaxation times. In three neonates with hydrocephalus and spina bifida, 3\u2010hydroxybutyrate was detected in CSF in vivo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Within the limits of the present methods, <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H MRS could not detect cerebral metabolic abnormalities in human hydrocephalus and provided no additional diagnostic information. The long T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of lactate in CSF explains its high visibility. Hence, the detection of lactate in spectra acquired from voxels that contain CSF does not necessarily imply cerebral ischemia. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2003;17:291\u2013299. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,20]],"date-time":"2003-02-20T14:04:22Z","timestamp":1045749862000},"page":"291-299","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["<sup>1<\/sup>H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in human hydrocephalus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Kees P.J.","family":"Braun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rob H.J.M.","family":"Gooskens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. 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