{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T14:57:28Z","timestamp":1761058648938},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,17]],"date-time":"2005-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5130,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The value of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, with two\u2010dimensional (2D) spin\u2010echo and FISP (fast imaging with steady\u2010state precession) and FLASH (fast low\u2010angle shot) three\u2010dimensional (3D) gradient\u2010echo sequences, for the detection of hyaline cartilage defects of the femoral condyle and the tibial plateau, was investigated in an animal model. In eight dogs, the anterior cruciate ligament was transected in one knee joint, resulting in rapid development of osteoar\u2010thritis with degeneration of the hyaline cartilage. At autopsy, 24 cartilage lesions were found, which were classified into four grades. The overall detection of cartilage lesions with MR imaging was poor. Only five of the 24 lesions were visible on 2D spin\u2010echo images, while 11 of 24 were visible on 3D FISP images and 15 of 24 were seen on 3D FLASH images. The best results were obtained in advanced stages of cartilage degeneration, involving ulceration and complete abrasion of the cartilage layer. Signal loss or signal intensity increase in the cartilage layer was seen inconsistently in grades 3 and 4 degeneration. In this animal model, 2D spin\u2010echo imaging was inadequate for the diagnosis of hyaline cartilage lesions, while 3D gradient\u2010echo imaging permitted satisfactory diagnosis in only grade 4 cartilage disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880010608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,6]],"date-time":"2007-03-06T01:37:19Z","timestamp":1173145039000},"page":"665-672","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Experimental hyaline cartilage lesions: Two\u2010dimensional spin\u2010echo versus three\u2010dimensional gradient\u2010echo MR imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Adam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claus","family":"Nolte\u2010Ernsting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Prescher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"B\u00fchne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kira","family":"Bruchm\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"K\u00fcpper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolf W.","family":"G\u00fcnther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Magnetic resonance of the knee","author":"Crues JV","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.164.2.3602385"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.163.3.3575724"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.166.3.3340785"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.171.3.2717748"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.176.2.2367664"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.148.6.1153"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00364038"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.166.3.3340786"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100050203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2364(86)90433-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"15","article-title":"FISP: eine neue schnelle pulssequenz f\u00fcr die kernspintomographie","volume":"54","author":"Oppelt A","year":"1986","journal-title":"Electromedica"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"27","article-title":"Chondromalacia","volume":"11","author":"Shahriaree H","year":"1985","journal-title":"Contemp Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198412000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.164.3.3615877"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1048267"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.178.2.1987624"}],"container-title":["Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmri.1880010608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.1880010608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T21:44:58Z","timestamp":1698011098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.1880010608"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmri.1880010608"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.1880010608","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-1807","1522-2586"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-1807","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2586","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]}}}