{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:48:41Z","timestamp":1787240921964,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,27]],"date-time":"2011-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare conspicuity and detection rate of hypointense lesions on T1\u2010weighted (T1w) gradient echo (GRE) sequences with low and high flip angles (FA) in hepatocyte phase magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using gadoxetate disodium.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)\u2010compliant study was Institutional Review Board (IRB)\u2010approved. The study population consisted of patients with hypointense liver lesions undergoing MRI with gadoxetate disodium, with hepatocyte\u2010phase fat suppressed 3D T1w GRE sequences at both low (10\u201312\u00b0) and high (30\u201335\u00b0) FA. Contrast\u2010to\u2010noise ratios (CNRs) were calculated for liver parenchyma vs. large lesions and common bile duct (CBD) vs. liver. Three radiologists each assigned a conspicuity score (CS) for each lesion detected at low or high FA. Paired Student's\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests compared the lesion detection (LD) rate using only the hepatocyte phase data set compared with the entire MRI examination, and CS for low and high FA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In all, 57 large and 70 small lesions were identified in 18 patients. Average LD and CS were significantly greater at high FA versus low FA overall (LD 89.0% vs. 79.5%; CS 2.8 vs. 2.2;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) and for small lesions (81.4% vs. 65.7%; 2.5 vs. 1.8;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Average liver\u2010to\u2010lesion CNR for large lesions and CBD\u2010to\u2010liver CNR was significantly greater at high FA (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increasing the FA in hepatocyte phase MRI with gadoxetate disodium improves hypointense lesion detection and conspicuity, particularly for small lesions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:611\u2010616. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,27]],"date-time":"2011-10-27T13:47:01Z","timestamp":1319723221000},"page":"611-616","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Liver MRI in the hepatocyte phase with gadolinium\u2010EOB\u2010DTPA: Does increasing the flip angle improve conspicuity and detection rate of hypointense lesions?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Mustafa R.","family":"Bashir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela B.","family":"Husarik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim J.","family":"Ziemlewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajan T.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel T.","family":"Boll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmar M.","family":"Merkle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.4538"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.4392"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2171"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","first-page":"193","article-title":"Liver lesion characterization. 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