{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:19:41Z","timestamp":1791173981484,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,23]],"date-time":"2012-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To measure aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) using flow\u2010sensitive four\u2010dimensional (4D) MRI and to evaluate test\u2013retest reliability, inter\u2010 and intra\u2010observer variability in volunteers and correlation with characteristics in patients with aortic atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Flow\u2010sensitive 4D MRI was performed in 12 volunteers (24 \u00b1 3 years) and 86 acute stroke patients (68 \u00b1 9 years) with aortic atherosclerosis. Retrospectively positioned 28 \u00b1 4 analysis planes along the entire aorta (inter\u2010slice\u2010distance = 10 mm) and frame wise lumen segmentation yielded flow\u2010time\u2010curves for each plane. Global aortic PWV was calculated from time\u2010shifts and distances between the upslope portions of all available flow\u2010time curves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inter\u2010 and intra\u2010observer variability of PWV measurements in volunteers (7% and 8%) was low while test\u2013retest reliability (22%) was moderate. PWV in patients was significantly higher compared with volunteers (5.8 \u00b1 2.9 versus 3.8 \u00b1 0.8 m\/s; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02). Among 17 patient characteristics considered, statistical analysis revealed significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) but low correlation of PWV with age (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.25), aortic valve insufficiency (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.29), and pulse pressure (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.28). Multivariate modeling indicated that aortic valve insufficiency and elevated pulse pressure were significantly associated with higher PWV (adjusted R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.13).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Flow\u2010sensitive 4D MRI allows for estimating aortic PWV with low observer dependence and moderate test\u2013retest reliability. PWV in patients correlated with age, aortic valve insufficiency, and pulse pressure. J. Magn. Reson. 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