{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:59:52Z","timestamp":1791122392002,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,4]],"date-time":"2013-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Phosphorus (<jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P) MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is primarily applied with sensitive, surface radiofrequency (RF) coils that provide inhomogeneous excitation RF field (B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) and rough localization due to their B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and sensitivity (B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) profiles. A careful and time\u2010consuming pulse adjustment and an accurate knowledge of flip angle (FA) are mandatory for quantification corrections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, a simple, fast, and universal <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> mapping method is proposed, which requires fast steady\u2010state MRSI (typically one sixth of normal measurement time) in addition to the typical MRSI acquired within the examination protocol. The FA maps are calculated from the ratio of the signal intensities acquired by these two measurements and were used to correct for the influence of B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> on the metabolite maps.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In vitro tests were performed on two scanners (3 and 7 Tesla) using a surface and a volume coil. The calculated FA maps were in good agreement with adjusted nominal FAs and the theoretical calculation using the Biot\u2010Savart law. The method was successfully tested in vivo in the calf muscle and the brain of healthy volunteers (n\u2009=\u20094). The corrected metabolite maps show higher homogeneity compared with their noncorrected versions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The calculated FA maps helped with B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> inhomogeneity corrections of acquired in vivo data, and should also be useful with optimization and testing of pulse performances, or with the construction quality tests of new dual\u2010channel <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H\/<jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P coils. <jats:bold>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:391\u2013397<\/jats:bold>. \u00a9 <jats:bold>2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,4]],"date-time":"2013-11-04T16:26:45Z","timestamp":1383582405000},"page":"391-397","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Flip\u2010angle mapping of <sup>31<\/sup>P coils by steady\u2010state MR spectroscopic imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Marek","family":"Chmel\u00edk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Centre of Excellence Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image\u2010guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Pova\u017ean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Centre of Excellence Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image\u2010guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"J\u00edr\u016f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Unit Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivica Just","family":"Kukurov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Centre of Excellence Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image\u2010guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of NMR and MS Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Dezortov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Unit Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kr\u0161\u0161\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Centre of Excellence Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image\u2010guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Bogner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Centre of Excellence Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image\u2010guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Athinoula A. 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