{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:47:01Z","timestamp":1777420021268,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]],"date-time":"2015-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Prostate Cancer Research Program","award":["Idea Development Award PC093485"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Idea Development Award PC093485"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Jiaotong University Talent Fund","award":["2013RC028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013RC028"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether prostate\u2010specific antigen (PSA) levels adjusted by prostate and zonal volumes estimated from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) improve the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) and differentiation between patients who harbor high\u2010Gleason\u2010sum PCa and those without PCa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study was Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)\u2010compliant and approved by the Institutional Review Board of participating medical institutions. <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010weighted MR images were acquired for 61 PCa patients and 100 patients with elevated PSA but without PCa. Computer methods were used to segment prostate and zonal structures and to estimate the total prostate and central\u2010gland (CG) volumes, which were then used to calculate CG volume fraction, PSA density, and PSA density adjusted by CG volume. These quantities were used to differentiate patients with and without PCa. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used as the figure of merit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The total prostate and CG volumes, CG volume fraction, and PSA density adjusted by the total prostate and CG volumes were statistically significantly different between patients with PCa and patients without PCa (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.007). AUC values for the total prostate and CG volumes, and PSA density adjusted by CG volume, were 0.68\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04, 0.68\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04, and 0.66\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04, respectively, and were significantly better than that of PSA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.02), for differentiation of PCa patients from patients without PCa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The total prostate and CG volumes estimated from <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010weighted MR images and PSA density adjusted by these volumes can improve the effectiveness of PSA for the diagnosis of PCa and differentiation of high\u2010Gleason\u2010sum PCa patients from patients without PCa.  J. MAGN. RESON. 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