{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T18:29:45Z","timestamp":1770834585045,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,16]],"date-time":"2017-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50\u2010AR060752"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50\u2010AR060752"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH R01\u2010AR064771"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH R01\u2010AR064771"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to determine the probability of structural worsening of knee cartilage and whole joint degeneration over 4\u20138 years based on cartilage <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> Z\u2010scores at baseline.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Right knees with Kellgren\u2010Lawrence (KL) grades of 0\u20132 in 587 participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were studied. 3T MR images were used to perform baseline cartilage <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> quantification and assess 4\u2010year changes in cartilage morphology (WORMS scoring) in 5 regions. Changes in joint space narrowing (JSN) and KL were assessed over 8 years. <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> Z\u2010scores were based on a reference database of knees without morphologic cartilage degeneration at baseline. Odds ratios for, and predicted probabilities of any worsening in WORMS cartilage, JSN and KL grade were obtained from logistic regression models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A one\u2010unit increase in the baseline medial femur <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> Z\u2010score was associated with cartilage worsening in the same region (OR\u2009=\u20091.59; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and in any region (OR\u2009=\u20091.37; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), and with worsening JSN (OR\u2009=\u20091.82; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and KL grades (OR\u2009=\u20091.69; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Predicted probabilities of worsening in knees with a medial femur <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> Z\u2010score from 2\u20134 were 38% for medial femur cartilage WORMS, 70% for any cartilage region, 28% for increasing JSN and 31% for increasing KL grade.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Knees with elevated cartilage <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (especially in the medial femur and those that are 2 to 4 SDs above the mean reference values) are significantly more likely to have structural worsening over 4 to 8 years. Knowing cartilage <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> Z\u2010scores may aid in targeting prevention efforts at early stages of osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold> 2<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Technical Efficacy:<\/jats:bold> Stage 3<\/jats:p><jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1128\u20131136.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,16]],"date-time":"2017-02-16T10:42:48Z","timestamp":1487241768000},"page":"1128-1136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Medial femur <i>T<\/i><sub>2<\/sub> Z\u2010scores predict the probability of knee structural worsening over 4\u20138 years: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Gabby B.","family":"Joseph","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles E.","family":"McCulloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Nevitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra S.","family":"Gersing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedikt J.","family":"Schwaiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kretzschmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Heilmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Link","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60752-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000435"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-200010000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2002.0847"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2322030976"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2013.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2015.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2008.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22834"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3469"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22586"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.01.984"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2008.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2003.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-016-2343-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.16.4.494"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201575"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(93)90225-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22178"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","unstructured":"StroverS.Understanding arthritis of theknee. 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