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Stiffness of the pulmonary arteries (PAs) may also be increased in COPD and emphysema, but data are lacking. We assessed PA stiffness using MRI in patients with COPD and related these measurements to COPD severity and percent emphysema.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Multi\u2010Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) COPD Study recruited 290 participants, age 50\u201379 years with 10 or more packyears and free of clinical cardiovascular disease. COPD severity were defined on postbronchodilator spirometry by ATS\/ERS criteria. Percent emphysema was defined as the percentage of regions of the lung &lt; \u2010950 Hounsfield units on full\u2010lung computed tomography (CT). PA stain was defined by the percent change in cross\u2010sectional PA area between systole and diastole on MRI. Blood flow across the tricuspid and mitral valves was assessed by phase\u2010contrast MRI for determination of the ventricular diastolic dysfunction (E\/A ratio).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>PA strain was reduced in COPD compared with controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002) and was inversely correlated with COPD severity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.004). PA strain was inversely associated to percent emphysema (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). PA strain was also markedly correlated with right ventricular diastolic dysfunction measured by E\/A ratios in the fully adjusted mix models (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>PA strain is reduced in COPD, related in part to percent emphysema on CT scan, which may have implications for pulmonary small vessel flow and right ventricular function.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence<\/jats:bold>: 2<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:bold>: Stage 1<\/jats:p><jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:262\u2013271.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,10]],"date-time":"2017-05-10T05:36:41Z","timestamp":1494394601000},"page":"262-271","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Pulmonary artery stiffness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema: The Multi\u2010Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) COPD Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3413-1645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia\u2010Ying","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Radiology and Imaging Sciences National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megha","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Bluemke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Radiology and Imaging Sciences National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pallavi","family":"Balte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Northwestern University Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Dashnaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hooman D.","family":"Poor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai\u2010National Jewish Health Respiratory Institute New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoinette S","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Kawut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao A.C.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"McAllister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Weill Cornell Medical College New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Vogel\u2010Claussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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