{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T14:32:06Z","timestamp":1722263526762},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tissue signal is modulated by magnetization transfer (MT) phenomena, intrinsically induced by balanced steady\u2010state free precession (bSSFP) imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the possible value of such a MT\u2010like bSSFP approach in two clinical settings involving focal myocardial lesions highligthed by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE+): edema induced by recent myocardial infarction (MI) and fibrotic scar related to chronic infarction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Population: 48 LGE\u2009+\u2009patients were studied: 26 with recent MI, 22 with chronic MI. 20 LGE\u2010normal subjects were considered the control group. Field strength\/sequence: Navigator\u2010based short axis 3D\u2010bSSFP sequences with 20\u00b0 and 90\u00b0 excitation flip angles were acquired (1.5T). Assessment: Pixel\u2010wise normalized MT Ratio (nMTR) parametric images were calculated according to: nMTR\u2009=\u2009100*(S<jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>\u2010S<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>*k)\/S<jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>, with S<jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub> and S<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub> signal intensity in 20\u00b0 and 90\u00b0 flip angle images and k\u2009=\u2009Blood<jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>\/Blood<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub> as a normalization ratio. Statistical tests: analysis of variance (ANOVA), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall normal myocardial nMTR was 50.2\u2009\u00b1\u20093.6%. In recent MI, nMTR values were significantly reduced in LGE\u2009+\u2009regions (\u201322.3\u2009\u00b1\u20099.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). In cases of chronic infarct, nMTR was significantly increased in LGE\u2009+\u2009regions (14.2\u2009\u00b1\u200911.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). Comparison between observed results and theoretical values obtained with the Freeman\u2010Hill formula showed that most variations observed in MI are related to MT effects instead of relaxation effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In contrast to LGE imaging, which may show a similar hyperenhancement in recent and old infarctions, nMTR imaging demonstrates an opposite pattern: decreased values for recent infarction and increased values for old infarction, thus allowing to discriminate between these two clinical conditions without gadolinium injection.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence<\/jats:bold>: 3<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:bold>: Stage 1<\/jats:p><jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:798\u2013808.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T13:56:54Z","timestamp":1500559014000},"page":"798-808","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A dual flip angle 3D bSSFP magnetization transfer\u2010like method to differentiate between recent and old myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Philippe","family":"Germain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospital Strasbourg France"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology University Hospital Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soraya","family":"El Ghannudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospital Strasbourg France"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital Strasbourg 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