{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T06:04:49Z","timestamp":1789970689207,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,11]],"date-time":"2017-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fat olefinic\/methyl ratios provide a measure of fat unsaturation. The methyl resonance linewidth is altered with the presence of \u03c9\u20103 fat.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To optimize stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) and point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) echo times (TE) at 3T to 1) improve olefinic\/methyl ratios and 2) enable relative \u03c9\u20103 fat content assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Technical development on phantoms and healthy volunteers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine edible oils and four healthy volunteers (tibial bone marrow).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>STEAM (mixing time = 20 msec) and PRESS sequences at 3T. High\u2010resolution oil spectra at 16.5T.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>3T STEAM and PRESS olefinic\/methyl ratios as a function of TE were compared to 16.5T measures for the oils, and to a literature\u2010deduced value for tibial bone marrow. Oil methyl linewidths were calculated at each TE to investigate correlation with expected \u03c9\u20103 fatty acid content.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Percent differences were calculated between oil olefinic\/methyl ratios obtained at 3T and 16.5T. Linear regression R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> values measured correlation of methyl linewidth to \u03c9\u20103 content.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>STEAM, TE = 120 msec, resulted in average oil olefinic\/methyl ratios that differ by about \u20134.8% compared to high\u2010resolution ratios. Tibial bone marrow olefinic\/methyl ratios differ by \u20131.8% compared with literature\u2010obtained ratios. PRESS, TE = 180 msec, resulted in oil ratios that differ by 7.8% and tibial bone marrow ratios that differ by 0.2%. A TE of 160 msec for both STEAM and PRESS enabled relative levels of oil \u03c9\u20103 fatty acid content to be estimated (R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> values \u22650.9).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>STEAM, TE = 120 msec (mixing time = 20 msec), and PRESS, TE = 180 msec, optimally estimated olefinic\/methyl ratios. STEAM and PRESS, TE = 160 msec, enable relative oil \u03c9\u20103 fatty acid estimation from methyl linewidths.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence<\/jats:bold>: 1<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:bold> Stage 1<\/jats:p><jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,11]],"date-time":"2017-12-11T07:02:54Z","timestamp":1512975774000},"page":"169-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Long TE STEAM and PRESS for estimating fat olefinic\/methyl ratios and relative \u03c9\u20103 fat content at 3T"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Clara J.","family":"Fallone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan T.","family":"McKay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atiyah","family":"Yahya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta 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