{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T15:46:07Z","timestamp":1762875967980},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]],"date-time":"2018-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81671649"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671649"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>The coexistence of hepatic iron and fat is common in patients with hyperferritinemia, which plays an interactive and aggressive role in the progression of diseases (fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinomas).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate a modified high\u2010speed T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010corrected multi\u2010echo, single voxel spectroscopy sequence (HISTOV) for liver iron concentration (LIC) quantification in patients with hyperferritinemia, with simultaneous fat fraction (FF) estimation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY TYPE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>POPULATION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010eight patients with hyperferritinemia were enrolled.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>FIELD STRENGTH\/SEQUENCE<\/jats:title><jats:p>HISTOV, a fat\u2010saturated multi\u2010echo gradient echo (GRE) sequence, and a spin echo sequence (FerriScan) were performed at 1.5T.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>ASSESSMENT<\/jats:title><jats:p>R<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of the water signal and FF were calculated with HISTOV, and \n<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jmri25967-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:10531807:media:jmri25967:jmri25967-math-0001\" \/> values were derived from the GRE sequence, with R<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and LIC from FerriScan serving as the references.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STATISTICAL TESTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Linear regression, correlation analyses, receiver operating characteristic analyses, and Bland\u2010Altman analyses were conducted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abnormal hepatic iron load was detected in 32\/38 patients, of whom 10\/32 had coexisting steatosis. Strong correlation was found between \n<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jmri25967-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:10531807:media:jmri25967:jmri25967-math-0002\" \/> and FerriScan\u2010LIC (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic> 0.861), and between HISTOV\u2010R<jats:sub>2_<\/jats:sub>water and FerriScan\u2010R<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.889). Furthermore, HISTOV\u2010R<jats:sub>2_<\/jats:sub>water was not correlated with HISTOV\u2010FF. The area under the curve (AUC) for HISTOV\u2010R<jats:sub>2_<\/jats:sub>water was 0.974, 0.971, and 1, corresponding to clinical FerriScan\u2010LIC thresholds of 1.8, 3.2, and 7.0\u2009mg\/g dw, respectively. No significant difference in the AUC was found between HISTOV\u2010R<jats:sub>2_<\/jats:sub>water and \n<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jmri25967-math-0003.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:10531807:media:jmri25967:jmri25967-math-0003\" \/> at any of the LIC thresholds, with <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010values of 0.42, 0.37, and 1, respectively. HISTOV\u2010LIC showed excellent agreement with FerriScan\u2010LIC, with a mean bias of 0.00\u2009\u00b1\u20091.18\u2009mg\/g dw, whereas the mean bias between GRE\u2010LIC and FerriScan\u2010LIC was 0.53\u2009\u00b1\u20091.49\u2009mg\/g dw.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DATA CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>HISTOV is useful for the quantification and grading of liver iron overload in patients with hyperferritinemia, particularly in cases with coexisting steatosis. HISTOV\u2010LIC showed no systematic bias compared with FerriScan\u2010LIC, making it a promising alternative for iron quantification.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence<\/jats:bold>: 3<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:bold> Stage 2<\/jats:p><jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]],"date-time":"2018-03-07T15:38:29Z","timestamp":1520437109000},"page":"205-213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Quantitative analysis of hepatic iron in patients suspected of coexisting iron overload and steatosis using multi\u2010echo single\u2010voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Comparison with fat\u2010saturated multi\u2010echo gradient echo sequence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Huimin","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caixia","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Application Development, Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd Shenzhen 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