{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T17:43:09Z","timestamp":1770918189122,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003975","name":"Israel Cancer Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003975","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnancy\u2010associated breast cancer (PABC) is often a delayed diagnosis and contrast\u2010enhanced MRI is contraindicated because gadolinium agents are known to cross the placenta.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the feasibility and clinical utility of noncontrast breast MRI using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the diagnostic workup of PABC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between November 2016 and January 2018, 25 pregnant participants (median gestational age: 17 weeks) were recruited from eight referral breast\u2010care centers nationwide. Imaging indications included: newly\u2010diagnosed PABC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910, with 11 lesions), palpable mass\/mastitis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094), high\u2010risk screening (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910), and monitoring neoadjuvant\u2010chemotherapy response (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>1.5T, T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010weighted, and DTI sequences, prone position, with a scan duration of \u223c12 minutes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>DTI parametric maps were generated and analyzed at pixel resolution, with reference to ultrasound (US) and pathology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two\u2010tailed Student's <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test was applied for evaluating differences between DTI parameters of PABC vs. healthy fibroglandular tissue. Pearson's correlation test was applied to measure the agreements between \u03bb1\u2010based longest tumor diameter, US, and pathology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All scans were technically completed and reached diagnostic quality, except one with notable motion artifacts due to positional discomfort, which was excluded. Nine out of 11 known PABC lesions and one newly\u2010diagnosed lesion were visible on \u03bb1, \u03bb2, \u03bb3, mean diffusivity (MD), and \u03bb1\u2013\u03bb3 maps, with substantial parametric contrast compared with the apparently normal contralateral fibroglandular tissue (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 for all). Two lesions of 0.7\u2009cm were not depicted by the diffusivity maps. Tumor diameter measured on a thresholded \u03bb1 map correlated well with US (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.97) and pathology (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.95). Malignancy was excluded by DTI parametric maps in scans of symptomatic and high\u2010risk patients, in agreement with US follow\u2010up, except for one false\u2010positive case.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Noncontrast breast MRI is feasible and well\u2010tolerated during pregnancy. Further studies with a larger and homogeneous cohort are required to validate DTI's additive diagnostic value, albeit this study suggests a potential adjunct role for this noninvasive approach in breast evaluation during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold> 2<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Technical Efficacy:<\/jats:bold> Stage 1<\/jats:p><jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:508\u2013517.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T09:50:45Z","timestamp":1535709045000},"page":"508-517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Noncontrast Breast MRI During Pregnancy Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging: A Feasibility Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Noam","family":"Nissan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Sheba Medical Center  Israel"},{"name":"Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv University  Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edna","family":"Furman\u2010Haran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Services Weizmann Institute of Science  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