{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T14:48:49Z","timestamp":1766414929434},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]],"date-time":"2018-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81704098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81704098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the future, biochemical MRI might provide a valuable noninvasive quantitative analysis of the biochemical composition of cartilage in osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the diagnostic performance of T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping in cartilage denaturalization with ONFH and to determine the correlation between T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping and the Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) stage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010seven patients with ONFH (stage I to III according to the ARCO criteria) and 24 volunteers (control group) were recruited for the prospective study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Conventional MRI, multiple echo recalled gradient echo (MERGE), and T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping sequences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pseudocolor images and MERGE images were combined in the AW4.5 workstation. The region of interest (ROI) of the hip cartilage was 4\u20136\u2009mm\u00b2. The sagittal T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping values were calculated by the two first authors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>One\u2010way analysis of variance (ANOVA), LSD <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests, Pearson correlation analysis, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. The significance level was set at <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping values of the ONFH group were significantly higher than the values of the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.000). Regarding the assessment of the severity of ARCO staging, both T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.66, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004) and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.501, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) were positively associated with disease severity. The T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 values were positively correlated with the T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping values (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.381, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.000). The areas under the curve (AUC) for the T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping values were 0.822 and 0.791, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 72.34% and 70.83% for T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 mapping and 72.34% and 58.33%, respectively, for T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping performed well in diagnosing the cartilage denaturalization in ARCO stage I\u2010III ONFH patients. T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03c1 mapping had a higher diagnostic sensitivity and specificity than T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> mapping.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold> 2<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Technical Efficacy:<\/jats:bold> Stage 2<\/jats:p><jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:760\u2013767.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]],"date-time":"2018-11-21T10:49:08Z","timestamp":1542797348000},"page":"760-767","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["T<sub>1<\/sub>\u03c1 and T<sub>2<\/sub> mapping for the determination of articular cartilage denaturalization with osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A prospective controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Xiaorui","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoju","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Alberta  Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leilei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic Department First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine  Guangzhou P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Man","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography First Affiliated Hospital of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Guangdong Women and Children Hospital  Guangzhou P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center  Guangzhou P.R. 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