{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:46:22Z","timestamp":1790707582788,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]],"date-time":"2018-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>4D flow MRI shows great potential in neurovascular disorders such as stenosis, atherosclerotic disease, aneurysms, and vascular malformations. Its widespread application in the neurovascular system requires evidence of good test\u2013retest multicenter reproducibility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the multicenter reproducibility, test\u2013retest reliability and interobserver dependence of 4D flow MRI in measurements of cerebral blood flow\/velocity in main intracranial vessels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten healthy subjects underwent 4D flow scans at three different centers. All subjects were scanned twice at 2 different days at each center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3.0\u2009T; 4D flow sequence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multicenter reproducibility, test\u2013retest reliability and interobserver agreement for measurements of the blood flow and peak velocity from five regions of interest were assessed (bilateral internal carotid arteries, bilateral medial cerebral arteries, and sagittal sinus).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Test<\/jats:title><jats:p>A Shapiro\u2013Wilks test was conducted to assess normality of measurements in each scan. Coefficient of variances (CVs) was computed to evaluate intra\u2010 and intersite variances of all measurements. The multicenter reproducibility was assessed by two\u2010way mixed intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). A Bland\u2013Altman plot and Pearson correlation were used to evaluate test\u2013retest reliability. ICC was calculated to assess interobserver agreements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010values for Shapiro\u2013Wilks tests were greater than 0.05, which indicated the normality of all measurements. Both intra\u2010 and intersite CVs were lower than 12%. There was good test\u2013retest reliability for both blood flow and peak velocity of all ROIs (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.75\u20130.94). In addition, high multicenter reproducibility was detected (ICC\u2009=\u20090.77\u20130.96, all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The results of these measurements also showed great interobserver agreement (all ICC &gt; 0.9 and all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>High multicenter reproducibility and test\u2013retest reliability was shown for 4D flow in the measurements of blood flow and peak velocity of intracranial vessels. In addition, these measurements showed great interobserver agreement.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold> 2<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Technical Efficacy:<\/jats:bold> Stage 1<\/jats:p><jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1543\u20131552.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]],"date-time":"2018-11-16T05:16:22Z","timestamp":1542345382000},"page":"1543-1552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Test\u2013retest multisite reproducibility of neurovascular 4D flow MRI"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Baohong","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of MRI First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou Henan P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuping","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Navy General Hospital  Beijing P.R. 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