{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:08:41Z","timestamp":1791590921302,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]],"date-time":"2018-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010AR070131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010AR070131"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010AR066008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010AR066008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH P41 EB017183)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH P41 EB017183)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Osteoporosis (OP) results in weak bone and can ultimately lead to fracture. Drugs such as glucocorticoids can also induce OP (glucocorticoid\u2010induced osteoporosis [GIO]). Bone marrow adipose tissue composition and quantity may play a role in OP pathophysiology, but has not been thoroughly studied in GIO compared to primary OP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Purpose\/Hypothesis<\/jats:title>Chemical shift\u2010encoded (CSE) MRI allows detection of subregional differences in bone marrow adipose tissue composition and quantity in the proximal femur of GIO compared to OP subjects and has high agreement with the reference standard of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Study Type<\/jats:title>Prospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Subjects<\/jats:title>In all, 18 OP and 13 GIO subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Fields Strength<\/jats:title>3T.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Sequence<\/jats:title>Multiple gradient\u2010echo, stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Assessment<\/jats:title>Subjects underwent CSE\u2010MRI in the proximal femurs, and for each parametric map regions of interest (ROIs) were assessed in the femoral head (fHEAD), femoral neck (fNECK), Ward's triangle (fTRIANGLE), and the greater trochanter (GTROCH). In addition, we compared CSE\u2010MRI against the reference standard of MRS performed in the femoral neck and Ward's triangle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>Differences between OP\/GIO were investigated using the Mann\u2013Whitney nonparametric test. Bland\u2013Altman methodology was used to assess measurement agreement between CSE\u2010MRI and MRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>GIO compared with OP subjects demonstrated: decreased monounsaturated fat fraction (MUFA) (\u20132.1%, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05) in fHEAD; decreased MUFA (\u20133.8%, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05), increased saturated fat fraction (SFA) (5.5%, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05), and decreased (\u20133.8 msec, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05) in fNECK; decreased proton density fat fraction (PDFF) (\u201315.1%, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05), MUFA (\u20139.8%, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05), polyunsaturated fat fraction (PUFA) (\u20131.8%, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.01), increased SFA (11.6%, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05), and decreased (\u20135.4 msec, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05) in fTRIANGLE; and decreased (\u20131.5 msec, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.05) in GTROCH. There was high measurement agreement between MRI and MRS using the Bland\u2013Altman test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>3T CSE\u2010MRI may allow reliable assessment of subregional bone marrow adipose tissue (bMAT) quantity and composition in the proximal femur in a clinically reasonable scan time. Glucocorticoids may alter the lipid profile of bMAT and potentially result in reduced bone quality.<\/jats:p>Level of Evidence<\/jats:bold>: 2<\/jats:p>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:bold>: Stage 2<\/jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:490\u2013496.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]],"date-time":"2018-12-12T16:49:24Z","timestamp":1544633364000},"page":"490-496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["3T chemical shift\u2010encoded MRI: Detection of altered proximal femur marrow adipose tissue composition in glucocorticoid users and validation with magnetic resonance spectroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Dimitri","family":"Martel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Langone Health, Department of Radiology New York University School of Medicine New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Leporq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, CREATIS CNRS UMR 5220, Inserm U1206, INSA\u2010Lyon, UCBL Lyon 1 Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Saxena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Langone Health, Division of Rheumatology Hospital for Joint Diseases New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Michael","family":"Belmont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Langone Health, Division of Rheumatology Hospital for Joint Diseases New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabrielle","family":"Turyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Langone Health, Osteoporosis Center, Hospital for Joint Diseases New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Honig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Langone Health, Osteoporosis Center, Hospital for Joint Diseases New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravinder R.","family":"Regatte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Langone Health, Department of Radiology New York University School of Medicine New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Langone Health, Department of Radiology New York University School of Medicine New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(93)90218-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650040202"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2005.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2015-000050"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12327"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8808"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2363041425"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20367"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1950"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2015.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24176"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24775"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24297"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.153.1.6089263"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24795"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24657"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25895"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3175"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2011.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3766"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2018.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26532"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-4825(01)00006-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmre.1997.1244"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25453"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1622"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-006-0182-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650051204"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3744"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2009.00751.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","first-page":"490","article-title":"Osteonecrosis of the femoral head: Lipotoxicity exacerbation in MSC and modifications of the bone marrow fluid","volume":"158","author":"Gillet C","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3991"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21809"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9050506"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1477"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.06.003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmri.26586","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.26586","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmri.26586","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.26586","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T11:05:55Z","timestamp":1694257555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.26586"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmri.26586"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.26586","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-1807","1522-2586"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-1807","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2586","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-08-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-11-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}