{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:28:55Z","timestamp":1773361735888,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]],"date-time":"2018-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Excessive trabeculation is present in isolated left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which sometimes makes the differentiation between these two difficult. Fractal dimension (FD) is a unitless measure value of how completely the object fills space, which can assess the extent of myocardial trabeculae quantitatively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the trabeculae features and myocardial strain derived from cardiac MR between LVNC and DCM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Respective case\u2013control series.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all, 35 LVNC patients and 30 DCM patients were enrolled, and 20 healthy volunteers were selected as a control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>5 T with 8\u2010channel phased\u2010array cardiac receiver coil including steady\u2010state free precession cine imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>The degree of left ventricular trabeculation was evaluated by a semiautomatic tool based on fractal analysis. Myocardial deformation was assessed by feature tracking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Independent samples Student's <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, and Spearman's rank coefficient were conducted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Max apical FD and mean global FD were higher in the LVNC group than in the DCM group (1.433 \u00b1 0.074 vs. 1.341 \u00b1 0.062, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001; 1.323 \u00b1 0.036 vs. 1.267 \u00b1 0.041, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001, respectively). For diagnosing LVNC, max apical FD was 1.392 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.881, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.804\u20130.957), and the cutoff value of mean global FD was 1.283 (AUC = 0.895, 95% CI: 0.828\u20130.961). The global peak longitudinal strain value of the left ventricle (GPLS) showed significant differences between the LVNC group and DCM group [\u20136.49 (\u201311.41, \u20134.90) vs. \u20134.61 (\u20135.87, \u20133.61), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006]. The diagnostic accuracy for LVNC is highest when using FDs in coordination with GPLS (AUC = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.86\u20130.98, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fractal analysis provides a quantitative measurement of myocardial trabeculation. The combination of fractal analysis with myocardial strain provides a novel biomarker in distinguishing LVNC from DCM.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Level of Evidence<\/jats:bold>: 3<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Technical Efficacy Stage<\/jats:bold>: 2<\/jats:p><jats:p>J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:153\u2013163.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]],"date-time":"2018-12-19T09:59:48Z","timestamp":1545213588000},"page":"153-163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Value of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Fractal Analysis Combined With Myocardial Strain in Discriminating Isolated Left Ventricular Noncompaction and Dilated Cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Tian","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohai","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3473-9754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tohoku University Hospital  Miyagi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aijia","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongye","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lianggeng","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University  Nanchang Jiangxi Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.82.2.507"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-009-3195-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-11-83"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.03.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"711","article-title":"Diagnosing left ventricular noncompaction by cardiac MRI and its differential diagnosis on left ventricular hypertrabeculation","volume":"44","author":"Shihua Z","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chinese J Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-15-36"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2009.182170"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.08.278"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-14-43"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-017-0413-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-15-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17305\/bjbms.2015.63"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.174287"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.08.200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","unstructured":"HerzogBA KidambiA BallardG. 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