{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:48:05Z","timestamp":1786978085434,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]],"date-time":"2020-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Noninvasive monitoring of early abnormalities and therapeutic intervention in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease using MRI is important. Lung T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n mapping has shown potential for local functional imaging without contrast material. Recently, it was discovered that observed lung T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n depends on the measurement echo time (TE).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n To examine TE\u2010dependence of observed T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n in patients with CF and its correlation with clinical metrics.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Type<\/jats:title>\n Prospective.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Population<\/jats:title>\n In all, 75 pediatric patients with CF (8.6\u2009\u00b1\u20096.1\u2009years, range 0.1\u201323\u2009years), with 32 reexamined after 1\u2009year.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>\n \n Patients were examined at 1.5T using an established MRI protocol and a multiecho inversion recovery 2D ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequence for T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n (TE) mapping at five TEs including TE\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n = 70\u2009\u03bcs.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment<\/jats:title>\n \n Morphological and perfusion MRI were assessed by a radiologist (M.W.) with 11\u2009years of experience using an established CF\u2010MRI scoring system. T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n (TE) was quantified automatically. Clinical data including spirometry (FEV1pred%) and lung clearance index (LCI) were collected.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n \n T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n (TE) was correlated with the CF\u2010MRI score, clinical data, and LCI.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n (TE) showed a different curvature in CF than in healthy adults: T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n at TE\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n was shorter in CF (1157 ms\u2009\u00b1\u200973 ms vs. 1047 ms\u2009\u00b1\u200970 ms,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001), but longer at TE\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n (1214 ms\u2009\u00b1\u200972 ms vs. 1314 ms\u2009\u00b1\u200968 ms,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) and later TEs. The correlations of T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n (TE) with patient age (\u03c1\n TE1\u2010TE5<\/jats:sub>\n = \u22120.55, \u22120.44, \u22120.24, \u22120.30, \u22120.22), and LCI (\u03c1\n TE1\u2010TE5<\/jats:sub>\n = \u22120.43, \u22120.42, \u22120.33, 0.27, \u22120.22) were moderate at ultra\u2010short to short TE (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) but decreased for longer TE. Moderate but similar correlations at all TE were found with MRI perfusion score (\u03c1\n TE1\u2010TE5<\/jats:sub>\n = \u22120.43, \u22120.51, \u22120.47, \u22120.46, \u22120.44) and FEV1pred% (\u03c1\n TE1\u2010TE5<\/jats:sub>\n = +0.44, +0.44, +0.43, +0.40, +0.39) (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n TE should be considered when measuring lung T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n , since observed differences between CF and healthy subjects strongly depend on TE. The different variation of correlation coefficients with TE for structural vs. functional metrics implies that TE\u2010dependence holds additional information which may help to discern effects of tissue structural abnormalities and abnormal perfusion.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n 2<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Technical Efficacy Stage<\/jats:title>\n 1 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2020;52:1645\u20131654.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]],"date-time":"2020-07-02T03:12:09Z","timestamp":1593659529000},"page":"1645-1654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Echo Time\u2010Dependence of Observed Lung\n \n T\n 1<\/sub>\n <\/scp>\n in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis and Correlation With Clinical Metrics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2068-1184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon M.F.","family":"Triphan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC) German Lung Research Center (DZL) Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine Thoraxklinik at University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirjam","family":"Stahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC) German Lung Research Center (DZL) Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics III, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology & Allergy and Cystic Fibrosis Center University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertram J.","family":"Jobst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC) German Lung Research Center (DZL) Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine Thoraxklinik at University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olaf","family":"Sommerburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC) German Lung Research Center (DZL) Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics III, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology & Allergy and Cystic Fibrosis Center University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans\u2010Ulrich","family":"Kauczor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC) German Lung Research Center (DZL) Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine Thoraxklinik at University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens\u2010Peter","family":"Schenk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulsattar","family":"Alrajab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Eichinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC) German Lung Research Center (DZL) Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine Thoraxklinik at University of Heidelberg Heidelberg 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