{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T01:36:33Z","timestamp":1793410593922,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP20ek0109412 and JP20gk0110051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20ek0109412 and JP20gk0110051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19K08581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K08581"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008884","name":"Nakatani Foundation for Advancement of Measuring Technologies in Biomedical Engineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008884","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the management of testicular torsion, estimating the duration of testicular ischemia is essential for deciding on an appropriate surgical treatment, but there are currently limited evaluation methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To perform testicular creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer (CrCEST) imaging and to evaluate its ability to accurately estimate the duration of testicular ischemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animal Model<\/jats:title><jats:p>C57BL\/6 control mice (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 6) and testicular ischemia models induced by clamping the spermatic cord (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 14). Eight of testicular ischemia models were serially imaged at two or three timepoints and a total of 26 images of ischemic testis were obtained. The ischemic duration ranged from 6\u201342\u2009hours.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>11.7T vertical\u2010bore MRI\/segment fast low\u2010angle shot acquisition for CEST.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>CrCEST imaging was performed and the magnetization transfer ratio for the CrCEST effect (MTR<jats:sub>Cr**<\/jats:sub>) was calculated in control mice and testicular ischemia models. Correlation analysis between the duration of testicular ischemia and MTR<jats:sub>Cr**<\/jats:sub> decline was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Paired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, and Pearson's correlation analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In control mice, the CrCEST effect in testes was significantly more than five times higher than that in skeletal muscle. MTR<jats:sub>Cr**<\/jats:sub> did not differ significantly between the right and left testes (8.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8 vs. 8.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.96). In testicular ischemia models, MTR<jats:sub>Cr**<\/jats:sub> of ischemic testes was significantly lower than that of controls (4\u2009\u00b1\u20092 vs. 8.9\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Correlation analysis revealed a strong linear correlation between MTR<jats:sub>Cr**<\/jats:sub> decline and the duration of ischemia (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.96, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A decreased CrCEST effect in ischemic testes correlated well with ischemic duration. Testicular CrCEST imaging was useful for accurately estimating the duration of testicular ischemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy Stage<\/jats:title><jats:p>2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T15:09:08Z","timestamp":1608304148000},"page":"1559-1567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Accurate Estimation of the Duration of Testicular Ischemia Using Creatine Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (<scp>CrCEST<\/scp>) Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"},{"name":"Department of Molecular 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