{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:35:41Z","timestamp":1791599741781,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,24]],"date-time":"2021-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61527807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61527807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81701644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81701644"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61801311"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61801311"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7172064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7172064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7182044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7182044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>The effects of morphologic abnormalities, including sigmoid sinus wall dehiscence (SSWD), transverse sinus stenosis (TSS), and sigmoid sinus diverticulum (SSD), on hemodynamics in venous pulsatile tinnitus (PT) patients have not been established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SSWD, TSS, and SSD on the hemodynamics of transverse\u2010sigmoid sinus in venous PT patients. This was a prospective study with 44 venous PT patients and 12 healthy controls. A 3\u2009T\/four\u2010dimensional (4D) flow <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">magnetic resonance imaging<\/jats:styled-content> with fast field echo was used. Computed tomography arteriography\/venography was used to assess ipsilateral SSWD, TSS, and SSD. Maximum velocity (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>), average velocity (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>avg<\/jats:sub>), and average flow (Flow<jats:sub>avg<\/jats:sub>) were measured. Blood flow patterns were independently assessed by three neuroradiologists. One\u2010way analysis of variance or Kruskal\u2013Wallis test was also used. On the symptomatic side, all patients had SSWD, 33 patients had TSS, and 22 patients had SSD. Compared with healthy controls, patients with TSS, without TSS, with SSD, and without SSD all showed higher <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.050), <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>avg<\/jats:sub> (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.050), and Flow<jats:sub>avg<\/jats:sub> (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.050). Patients with TSS showed higher <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.050) and <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>avg<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.050) than those without TSS, and no significant difference in Flow<jats:sub>avg<\/jats:sub> was found between the two groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.408). No significant differences in <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>avg<\/jats:sub>, and Flow<jats:sub>avg<\/jats:sub> were found between patients with and without SSD (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01.000). Jet\u2010like flow in the stenosis and downstream of the stenosis was observed in all patients with TSS. Vortex in SSD was observed in 15 patients with SSD (68%). High blood velocity and flow may be characteristic markers of venous PT. SSWD may be a necessary condition for venous PT. TSS may further increase the blood velocity and form a jet\u2010like flow. SSD may be related to vortex formation but had no significant effect on blood velocity and flow.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy Stage<\/jats:title><jats:p>3<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T03:05:31Z","timestamp":1611543931000},"page":"1744-1751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Effects of different morphologic abnormalities on hemodynamics in patients with venous pulsatile tinnitus: A <scp>four\u2010dimensional<\/scp> flow <scp>magnetic resonance imaging<\/scp> study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Xiaoshuai","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1888-2964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heyu","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9559-4777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenghan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shusheng","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8190-6469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenchang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing 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