{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:45:23Z","timestamp":1790279123918,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Cosmos caudatus<\/jats:italic> (CC) is traditional Asian vegetable, commonly consumed among the Southeast Asian population. It has been reported to be high in flavonoids and might potentially improve brain activity among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The effect of CC in brain activation improvement using neuroimaging is yet to be discovered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effects of CC supplement on brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) among older adults with MCI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective, randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population\/subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty older adults with mild cognitive impairment (60\u201375\u2009years old), 14 of them (70%) were female subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field strength\/sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 3.0\u2010T, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T1<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010weighted anatomical images, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T2<\/jats:styled-content>*\u2010weighted imaging data, A single shot, gradient echo\u2010echo planar imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPI<\/jats:styled-content>) sequence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>All subjects were asked to consume two 500\u2009mg capsules of either CC supplement or placebo (maltodextrin) daily for 12\u2009weeks. Cognitive function was measured using validated neuropsychological tests (i.e. Mini\u2010mental State Examination and Digit Span) and task\u2010based fMRI (N\u2010back and Stroop Color Word Test) at baseline and 12th week. Brodmann's area 9, 46 and anterior cingulate cortex were selected as the regions of interest to define dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in fMRI analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Normality test was performed with the Shapiro\u2013Wilk test. Two\u2010way repeated ANOVA determined the intervention effects of the CC supplementation on brain activity after adjustments for covariates. Significance level at <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for independent\u2010t test and Chi square test; adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0042 for two\u2010way repeated ANOVA after Bonferroni correction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings showed significant improvements in digit span (partial \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.559), increment in right DLPFC activation while performing 1\u2010back task (partial \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.586) and left DLPFC activation while performing Stroop Color Word Test (SCWT) (congruent) task (partial \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.432) at 12th week of CC supplementation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CC supplementation might have the ability to improve DLPFC activation, potentially leading to improved working memory among older adults with MCI after 12\u2009weeks of administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>1<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical efficacy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage 4<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T09:01:33Z","timestamp":1622797293000},"page":"1804-1818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Neuroimaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Task\u2010Based Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Activation Following 12\u2009Weeks of <scp><i>Cosmos caudatus<\/i><\/scp> Supplementation Among Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Yee Xing","family":"You","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dietetics Program and Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness (H\u2010Care), Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia  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