{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T08:10:29Z","timestamp":1769242229703,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,13]],"date-time":"2021-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The physiological flow patterns and the reciprocal relationship between pancreatic juice and bile excretion dynamics have not been clearly elucidated by imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the physiological flow patterns of bile and pancreatic juice simultaneously in order to clarify the pancreatobiliary flow dynamics using cine\u2010dynamic magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) with a spatial selective inversion recovery (IR) pulse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 85 patients with physiologically normal pancreatobiliary flow without ductal dilatation (normal group) and 19 patients with dilated pancreatic duct.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 3\u2009T, fast spin echo sequence with IR pulse to nullify the signal of static pancreatic juice and bile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency and secretion grade of the antegrade and reverse flow of the pancreatic juice and bile on cine\u2010dynamic MRCP were visually evaluated. Additionally, the reciprocal relationship between pancreatic juice and bile flow was evaluated based on its flow patterns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis and the Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> tests were used. <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> values of &lt;0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the normal group, the antegrade pancreatic juice flow and no bile flow pattern was most frequently observed (29%), followed by the no pancreatic juice flow and no bile flow pattern (23%), the antegrade pancreatic juice flow and antegrade bile flow pattern (22%), and the no pancreatic juice flow and reverse bile flow pattern (9%). The flow of the pancreatic juice and bile were synchronized with each other in 47%, while they were not in 53%. In the dilated pancreatic duct group, the mean secretion grade of the antegrade bile and pancreatic juice flow was significantly lower than in the normal group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cine\u2010dynamic MRCP with a spatially selective IR pulse can visualize the variations of the physiological flow patterns of bile and pancreatic juice including 53% of unsynchronized patterns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage 5<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]],"date-time":"2021-06-14T06:49:56Z","timestamp":1623653396000},"page":"1902-1911","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pancreatobiliary Flow Dynamics: Association Between Bile and Pancreatic Juice Evaluated With Cine\u2010Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Using Spatially Selective Inversion Recovery Pulse"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3929-9495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayumi","family":"Higashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine  Ube Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine  Ube Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenichiro","family":"Ihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine  Ube Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Etsushi","family":"Iida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine  Ube Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matakazu","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine  Ube Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Munemasa","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine  Ube Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuyoshi","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine  Ube Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2010.02543.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000288841"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2009.06072.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11110162"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13131046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2017.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24906"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2020.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.6622"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-004-1428-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.141.3.7302228"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01608.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(79)90158-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"FukunagaT YasokawaK TamadaT et al.Postprandial changes in flow dynamics of the bile within the common bile duct: Evaluation with cine dynamic MRCP and a spatially selective IR pulse. 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