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Regions of interest were drawn by two radiologists (X.Q.Z. and X.Y.Q., with 21 and 15\u2009years of experience, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multivariable logistic regression analyses; ANOVA with post hoc testing; receiver operator characteristic curve analysis; Delong test. Significance level: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>APTw among TZ PCa, stromal BPH, and glandular BPH (3.48%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.83% vs. 2.76%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.49% vs. 2.72%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.45%, respectively) were significantly different except between stromal BPH and glandular BPH (<jats:italic>P\u2009&gt;<\/jats:italic>\u00a00.99). Significant differences were found in ADC (TZ PCa 0.76\u2009\u00b1\u20090.16\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/sec vs. stromal BPH 0.91\u2009\u00b1\u20090.14\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/sec vs. glandular BPH 1.08\u2009\u00b1\u20090.18\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/sec) among three lesions. APTw (OR\u00a0=\u00a012.18, 11.80, respectively) and 1\/ADC (OR\u00a0=\u00a0703.87, 181.11, respectively) were independent predictors of TZ PCa from BPH and stromal BPH. The combination of APTw and ADC had better diagnostic performance in the identification of TZ PCa from BPH and stromal BPH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>APTw imaging has the potential to be of added value to ADC in differentiating TZ PCa from BPH and stromal BPH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Evidence Level<\/jats:title><jats:p>2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage 2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,16]],"date-time":"2022-04-16T10:24:55Z","timestamp":1650104695000},"page":"1311-1319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Amide Proton Transfer Could Provide More Accurate Lesion Characterization in the Transition Zone of the 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