{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T21:56:02Z","timestamp":1787435762842,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quantitative MRI can elucidate the complex microstructural changes in liver disease. The Magnetization EXchange (MEX) method estimates macromolecular fraction, such as collagen, and can potentially aid in this task.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>MEX sequence, and its derived quantitative macromolecular fraction, should correlate with collagen deposition in rodents liver fibrosis model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animal Model<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen adults Sprague\u2013Dawley rats and 13 adults C57BL\/6 strain mice given carbon tetrachloride (CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) twice weekly for 6 or 8\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 7\u2009T scanner. MEX sequence (selective suppression and magnetization exchange), spin\u2010echo and gradient\u2010echo scans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>Macromolecular fraction (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>) and T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> were extracted for each voxel and for livers' regions of interest, additional to calculating the percentage of <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.1 pixels in <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> maps (high\u2010<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>). Histology included staining with hematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius red and Masson trichrome, and inflammation scoring. Quantitative collagen percentage calculated using automatic spectral\u2010segmentation of the staining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Comparing CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010treated groups and controls using Welch's t\u2010test and paired t\u2010test between different time points. Pearson's correlation used between ROI MEX parameters or high\u2010<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> fraction, and quantitative histology. <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> or T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, and inflammation scores were tested with one\u2010sided t\u2010test. <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 was deemed significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rats: <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> values were significantly different after 6\u2009weeks of treatment (0.10\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02) compared to controls (0.080\u2009\u00b1\u20090.003). After 8\u2009weeks, <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> significantly increased (0.11\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02) in treated animals, while controls are not significant (0.0814\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0008, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.079). <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> correlated with quantitative histology (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.87), and T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> was significantly different between inflammation scores (1: 1332\u2009\u00b1\u2009224\u2009msec, 2: 2007\u2009\u00b1\u2009464\u2009msec).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Mice: <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> was significantly higher (0.062\u2009\u00b1\u20090.006) in treatment group compared to controls (0.042\u2009\u00b1\u20090.006). <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> and high\u2010<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> fraction correlated with quantitative histology (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.88; <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.84). T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> was significantly different between inflammation scores (1:1366\u2009\u00b1\u200999\u2009msec; 2:1648\u2009\u00b1\u200945\u2009msec).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>MEX extracted parameters are sensitive to collagen deposition and inflammation and are correlated with histology results of mouse and rat liver fibrosis model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Evidence Level<\/jats:title><jats:p>1<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage 3<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T11:49:08Z","timestamp":1651837748000},"page":"285-295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Quantitative Magnetization <scp>EXchange MRI<\/scp> Measurement of Liver Fibrosis Model in 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