{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T07:53:31Z","timestamp":1789458811361,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82101991"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101991"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92159203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92159203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071870"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n The volume doubling time (VDT) of breast cancer was most frequently calculated using the two\u2010dimensional (2D) diameter, which is not reliable for irregular tumors. It was rarely investigated using three\u2010dimensional (3D) imaging with tumor volume on serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the VDT of breast cancer using 3D tumor volume assessment on serial breast MRIs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Type<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Subjects<\/jats:title>\n Sixty women (age at diagnosis: 57\u2009\u00b1\u200910\u2009years) with breast cancer, assessed by two or more breast MRI examinations. The median interval time was 791\u2009days (range: 70\u20133654\u2009days).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>\n 3\u2010T, fast spin\u2010echo T2\u2010weighted imaging (T2WI), single\u2010shot echo\u2010planar diffusion\u2010weighted imaging (DWI), and gradient echo dynamic contrast\u2010enhanced imaging.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment<\/jats:title>\n Three radiologists independently reviewed the morphological, DWI, and T2WI features of lesions. The whole tumor was segmented to measure the volume on contrast\u2010enhanced images. The exponential growth model was fitted in the 11 patients with at least three MRI examinations. The VDT of breast cancer was calculated using the modified Schwartz equation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n \n Mann\u2013Whitney\n U<\/jats:italic>\n test, Kruskal\u2013Wallis test, Chi\u2010squared test, intraclass correlation coefficients, and Fleiss kappa coefficients. A\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The exponential growth model was evaluated using the adjusted\n R<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n and root mean square error (RMSE).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The median tumor diameter was 9.7\u2009mm and 15.2\u2009mm on the initial and final MRI, respectively. The median adjusted\n R<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n and RMSE of the 11 exponential models were 0.97 and 15.8, respectively. The median VDT was 540\u2009days (range: 68\u20132424\u2009days). For invasive ductal carcinoma (\n N<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a033), the median VDT of the non\u2010luminal type was shorter than that of the luminal type (178\u2009days vs. 478\u2009days). On initial MRI, breast cancer manifesting as a focus or mass lesion showed a shorter VDT than that of a non\u2010mass enhancement (NME) lesion (median VDT: 426\u2009days vs. 665\u2009days).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n A shorter VDT was observed in breast cancer manifesting as focus or mass as compared to an NME lesion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n 3<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n Stage 2<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T05:55:39Z","timestamp":1678082139000},"page":"1303-1313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Breast Cancer Growth on Serial\n MRI<\/scp>\n : Volume Doubling Time Based on 3\u2010Dimensional Tumor Volume Assessment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Lijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanhuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaofeng","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GE Healthcare Precision Health Institution Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9529-4870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dengbin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31840"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.12116"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3939"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12282-018-0914-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-08966-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0689"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004874"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-017-9684-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BD-170300"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.901566"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.217.1.r00oc33251"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019182947"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30275-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.52.5386"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2021200145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic imaging: Breast","author":"Berg WA","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","volume-title":"ACR BI\u2010RADS\u00ae atlas, breast imaging reporting and data system","author":"Morris EA","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22279"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020202465"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020192322"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-014-3256-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10911-018-9409-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-017-4572-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-08553-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.22423"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.21778"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170102"}],"container-title":["Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.28670","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmri.28670","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.28670","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T15:59:33Z","timestamp":1764691173000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.28670"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmri.28670"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.28670","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-1807","1522-2586"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-1807","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2586","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}