{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T09:41:01Z","timestamp":1772271661446,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82151309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82151309"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81825012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81825012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance\u2010guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy has been implemented as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of drug\u2010refractory essential tremor (ET). However, its impact on the brain structural network is still unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate both global and local alterations of the white matter (WM) connectivity network in ET after MRgFUS thalamotomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010seven ET patients (61\u2009\u00b1\u200911\u2009years, 19 males) with MRgFUS thalamotomy and 28 healthy controls (HC) (61\u2009\u00b1\u200911\u2009years, 20 males) were recruited for comparison.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 3\u2009T\/single shell diffusion tensor imaging by using spin\u2010echo\u2010based echo\u2010planar imaging, three\u2010dimensional T1 weighted imaging by using gradient\u2010echo\u2010based sequence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were undergoing MRgFUS thalamotomy and their clinical data were collected from pre\u2010operation to 6\u2010month post\u2010operation. Network topological metrics, including rich\u2010club organization, small\u2010world, and efficiency properties were calculated. Correlation between the topological metrics and tremor scores in ET groups was also calculated to assess the role of neural remodeling in the brain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two\u2010sample independent <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests, chi\u2010squared test, ANOVA, Bonferroni test, and Spearman's correlation. Statistical significance was set at <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For ET patients, the strength of rich\u2010club connection and clustering coefficient significantly increased vs. characteristic path length decreased at 6\u2010month post\u2010operation compared with pre\u2010operation. The distribution pattern of rich\u2010club regions was different in ET groups. Specifically, the order of the rich\u2010club regions was changed according to the network degree value after MRgFUS thalamotomy. Moreover, the altered nodal efficiency in the right temporal pole of the superior temporal gyrus (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.434\u20130.596) and right putamen (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.413\u20130.436) was positively correlated with different tremor improvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings might improve understanding of treatment\u2010induced modulation from a network perspective and may work as an objective marker in the assessment of ET tremor control with MRgFUS thalamotomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage 4<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T06:27:05Z","timestamp":1690352825000},"page":"1358-1370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Alteration of White Matter Connectivity for <scp>MR<\/scp>\u2010Guided Focused Ultrasound in the Treatment of Essential Tremor"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0854-5569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Nankai University  Tianjin China"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaji","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing 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