{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:23:28Z","timestamp":1747149808484,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gadolinium (Gd)\u2010based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been widely used for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. GBCAs or AIS alone may cause the adverse effects on kidney tissue, respectively. However, whether GBCAs and AIS would generate a synergistic negative effect remains undefined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate synergistic negative effects of AIS and GBCAs on renal tissues in a mouse model of AIS, and to compare the differences of these negative effects between linear and macrocyclic GBCAs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Animal study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animal Model<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010two healthy mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and sham operation to establish AIS and sham model (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200936\/model). 5.0\u2009mmol\/kg GBCAs (gadopentetate or gadobutrol) or 250\u2009\u03bcL saline were performed at 4.5\u2009hours and 1\u2009day after model establishing (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912\/group).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP\u2010MS) was performed to detect Gd concentrations. Serum biochemical analyzer was performed to measure the serum creatinine (Scr), uric acid (UA), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Pathological staining was performed to observe tubular injury, cell apoptosis, mesangial hyperplasia, and interstitial fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two\u2010way analysis of variances with post hoc Sidak's tests and independent\u2010samples <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests were performed. A <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>AIS groups showed higher Gd concentration than sham group on day 1 p.i. regardless of gadopentetate or gadobutrol used. Increased total Gd concentration was also found in AIS\u2009+\u2009gadopentetate group compared with the sham group on day 28 p.i. Significantly higher rates for renal dysfunction, higher tubular injury scores, and higher numbers of apoptotic cells on days 1 or 28 p.i. were found for AIS mice injected with GBCA. AIS\u2009+\u2009gadopentetate group displayed more severe renal damage than the AIS\u2009+\u2009gadobutrol group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>AIS and GBCAs may cause increased total Gd accumulation and nephrotoxicity in a mouse, especially linear GBCAs were used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>1<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage 4<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T08:53:50Z","timestamp":1691398430000},"page":"1852-1861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gadolinium Retention and Nephrotoxicity in a Mouse Model of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Linear Versus Macrocyclic Agents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin\u2010Xin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Run\u2010Hao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing 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