{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T01:46:05Z","timestamp":1789436765910,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]],"date-time":"2023-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Macrotrabecular\u2010massive hepatocellular carcinoma (MTM\u2010HCC) is highly aggressive. Comparing the diagnosis ability of CT and gadoxetate disodium (Gd\u2010EOB\u2010DTPA) MRI for MTM\u2010HCC are lacking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Purpose<\/jats:title>To compare the performance of Gd\u2010EOB\u2010DTPA MRI and CT for differentiating MTM\u2010HCC from non\u2010MTM\u2010HCC, and determine the prognostic indicator.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Study Type<\/jats:title>Retrospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Subjects<\/jats:title>Post\u2010surgery HCC patients, divided into the training (N\u2009=\u2009272) and external validation (N\u2009=\u200944) cohorts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>3.0\u2009T, T1\u2010weighted imaging, in\u2010opp phase, and T1\u2010weighted volumetric interpolated breath\u2010hold examination\/liver acquisition with volume acceleration; enhanced CT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Assessment<\/jats:title>Three radiologists evaluated clinical characteristics (sex, age, liver disease, liver function, blood routine, alpha\u2010fetoprotein [AFP] and prothrombin time international normalization ratio [PT\u2010INR]) and imaging features (tumor length, intratumor fat, hemorrhage, arterial phase peritumoral enhancement, intratumor necrosis or ischemia, capsule, and peritumoral hepatobiliary phase [HBP] hypointensity). Compared the performance of CT and MRI for diagnosing MTM\u2010HCC. Follow\u2010up occurred every 3\u20136\u2009months, and nomogram demonstrated the probability of MTM\u2010HCC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>Fisher test, t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test or Wilcoxon rank\u2010sum test, area under the curve (AUC), 95% confidence interval (CI), multivariable logistic regression, Kaplan\u2013Meier curve, and Cox proportional hazards. Significance level: P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Gd\u2010EOB\u2010DTPA MRI (AUC: 0.793; 95% CI, 0.740\u20130.839) outperformed CT (AUC: 0.747; 95% CI, 0.691\u20130.797) in the training cohort. The nomogram, incorporating AFP, PT\u2010INR, and MRI features (non\u2010intratumor fat, incomplete capsule, intratumor necrosis or ischemia, and peritumoral HBP hypointensity) demonstrated powerful performance for diagnosing MTM\u2010HCC with an AUC of 0.826 (95% CI, 0.631\u20131.000) in the external validation cohort. Median follow\u2010up was 347\u2009days (interquartile range [IQR], 606\u2009days) for the training cohort and 222\u2009days (IQR, 441\u2009days) for external validation cohort. Intratumor necrosis or ischemia was an independent indicator for poor prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>Gd\u2010EOB\u2010DTPA MRI might assist in preoperative diagnosis of MTM\u2010HCC, and intratumor necrosis or ischemia was associated with poor prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Evidence Level<\/jats:title>4<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>Stage 2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T04:07:55Z","timestamp":1697429275000},"page":"2071-2081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Evaluation and Prognostication\u00a0of Gd\u2010EOB\u2010DTPA MRI<\/scp> and CT<\/scp> in Patients With Macrotrabecular\u2010Massive Hepatocellular Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2580-1878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China"},{"name":"7T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Translational Medical Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6118-6498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 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