{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T02:50:10Z","timestamp":1789699810794,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20224Y0382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224Y0382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The uterus undergoes dynamic changes throughout the menstrual cycle. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is based on the non\u2010Gaussian distribution of water molecules and can perhaps represent the changes of uterine microstructure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the temporal changes in DKI\u2010parameters of the normal uterine corpus and cervix during the menstrual cycle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>21 healthy female volunteers (26.64\u2009\u00b1\u20094.72\u2009years) with regular menstrual cycles (28\u2009\u00b1\u20097\u2009days).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Readout segmentation of long variable echo\u2010trains (RESOLVE)\u2010based DKI and fast spin\u2010echo T2\u2010weighted sequences at 3.0T.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>Each volunteer was scanned during the menstrual phase, ovulatory phase, and luteal phase. Regions of interest (ROI) were manually delineated in the endometrium, junctional zone, and myometrium of the uterine body, and in the mucosal layer, fibrous stroma layer, and loose stroma layer of the cervix. The mean <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>app<\/jats:sub> (diffusion kurtosis coefficient), <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>app<\/jats:sub> (diffusion coefficient), and ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient) values were measured in the ROI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>ANOVA with Bonferroni or Tamhane correction. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for assessing agreement. <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 was considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the menstrual cycle, the highest <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>app<\/jats:sub> (0.848\u2009\u00b1\u20090.184) and lowest <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>app<\/jats:sub> (1.263\u2009\u00b1\u20090.283 *10<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/sec) values were found in the endometrium during the menstrual phase. The <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>app<\/jats:sub> values for the myometrium were significantly higher than those of the endometrium and the junctional zone in every phase. Meanwhile, the <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>app<\/jats:sub> values for the three zonal structures of the cervix during ovulation were significantly higher than those during the luteal phase. However, there was no significant difference in the ADC values of the loose stroma between ovulation and the luteal phase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.568). The reproducibility of DKI parameters was good (ICC, 0.857\u20130.944).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>DKI can show dynamic changes of the normal uterus during the menstrual cycle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage 2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,25]],"date-time":"2023-11-25T00:09:08Z","timestamp":1700870948000},"page":"471-480","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<scp>MR<\/scp> Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (<scp>DKI<\/scp>) of the Normal Human Uterus in Vivo During the Menstrual Cycle"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Yajie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caixia","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Application Development Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Collaborations Siemens Healthineers Digital Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.  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