{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T09:10:48Z","timestamp":1769505048560,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22120210568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22120210568"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013105","name":"Shanghai Rising-Star Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SHWRS(2020)_087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHWRS(2020)_087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013105","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20214Y0288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20214Y0288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81901733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81901733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81974274"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81974274"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>) has certain limitations in distinguishing between malignant and benign urinary bladder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UB<\/jats:styled-content>) lesions. Amide proton transfer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APT<\/jats:styled-content>) imaging may provide more diagnostic information than diffusion\u2010weighted imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DWI<\/jats:styled-content>) to distinguish between malignant and benign <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UB<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the potential of APT imaging in the diagnosis of malignant and benign UB lesions and to compare its diagnostic efficacy with that of conventional DWI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty patients with UB lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 3.0\u2009T\/turbo spin echo (TSE) T1\u2010weighted and T2\u2010weighted imaging, single\u2010shot echo planar DWI, and three\u2010dimensional TSE APT imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients underwent radical cystectomy or transurethral resection of the bladder lesions within 2\u2009weeks after CT urography and MRI examination. APT signal intensity in UB lesions was quantified by the asymmetric magnetization transfer ratio (MTR<jats:sub>asym<\/jats:sub>). MTR<jats:sub>asym<\/jats:sub> and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured and compared between malignant and benign UB lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kolmogorov\u2013Smirnov test, Student's <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test or Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> test, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), Delong test, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The significance threshold was set at <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010two patients had pathologically confirmed benign UB lesions, including 2 bladder leiomyomas, 1 submucosal amyloidosis, 1 inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, and 28 inflammatory lesions, and 48 patients had pathologically confirmed urothelial carcinoma. Urothelial carcinomas showed significantly higher MTR<jats:sub>asym<\/jats:sub> values (1.53% [0.74%] vs. 0.85% [0.23%]) and significantly lower ADC values (1.24\u2009\u00b1\u20090.34\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s vs. 1.43\u2009\u00b1\u20090.22\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s) than benign UB lesions. The MTR<jats:sub>asym<\/jats:sub> value (AUC\u2009=\u20090.928) was significantly better in differentiating urothelial carcinoma from benign UB lesions than the ADC value (AUC\u2009=\u20090.722).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>APT imaging may have value in discriminating malignant from benign UB lesions and has better diagnostic performance than DWI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage 2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T11:55:59Z","timestamp":1704369359000},"page":"1124-1133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Value of Amide Proton Transfer <scp>MRI<\/scp> in the Diagnosis of Malignant and Benign Urinary Bladder Lesions: Comparison With Diffusion\u2010Weighted Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Jing\u2010Lu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010Sheng","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Technical Support Philips Healthcare  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ai\u2010Jun","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6131-1492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei\u2010Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5209-4355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine Tongji University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging Artificial Intelligence Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2017.0156"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17598"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.11345.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.220034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018171528"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-013-0038-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/30591350"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020203322"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2014.1525"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2008.27.3.483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-018-0787-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26645"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015151161"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06066-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07122-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07397-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2019.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24450"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.211804"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2022.110664"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4AN00346B"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.21209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20982\/tqmp.08.1.p023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-200211000-00033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-004-2529-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10181"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.17.17798"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-021119-034627"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm907"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-019-0771-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015150244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02742-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06740-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29241"}],"container-title":["Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.29199","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T16:15:40Z","timestamp":1722528940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.29199"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmri.29199"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.29199","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-1807","1522-2586"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-1807","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2586","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}