{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T20:31:21Z","timestamp":1770755481972,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2021MH109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021MH109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82001805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82001805"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The angiographic features of moyamoya disease (MMD) and atherosclerosis\u2010associated moyamoya vasculopathy (AS\u2010MMV) are similar, but the etiology and clinical treatment strategies are different. Differentiating MMD from AS\u2010MMV helps to choose the appropriate treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the feasibility of a nomogram based on high\u2010resolution vessel wall (HR\u2010VWI) MRI features to differentiate MMD from AS\u2010MMV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and two patients with MMD (N\u2009=\u200952) or AS\u2010MMV (N\u2009=\u200950) in the training cohort (9\u201372\u2009years; 54 females) and 70 patients with MMD (N\u2009=\u200942) or AS\u2010MMV (N\u2009=\u200928) in the validation cohort (7\u201369\u2009years; 33 females).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>3\u2010T, three\u2010dimensional time\u2010of\u2010flight MR angiography (3D\u2010TOF\u2010MRA), spin echo high\u2010resolution 3D T1\u2010weighted imaging (3D\u2010T1WI), 3D T2\u2010weighted imaging (3D\u2010T2WI), and contrast\u2010enhanced 3D\u2010T1WI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>Image assessment was performed by three neuroradiologists (with 10, 15, and 18\u2009years of experience). Demographic characteristic and image features were evaluated and compared. Independent factors of MMD were screened to construct a nomogram model in the training cohort. The validation cohort was used to validated its generality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), kappa, <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve and concordance index (C\u2010index). A <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant differences were observed between MMD and AS\u2010MMV in terms of age, vessel outer diameter, vessel wall thickening pattern, maximum thickness, dot sign, and anterior cerebral artery (ACA) involved. Age, outer diameter, dot sign, and ACA involved were independent factors. The C\u2010index was 0.886 in the training cohort and 0.859 in the validation cohort. The ROC demonstrated high diagnostic efficacy with an AUC of 0.884 in the training cohort and 0.857 in the validation cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A nomogram model based on age, vessel outer diameter, dot sign and ACA involved may effectively distinguish MMD from AS\u2010MMV with good reliability and accuracy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Evidence Level<\/jats:title><jats:p>4<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stage 2<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T09:58:01Z","timestamp":1715248681000},"page":"394-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Nomogram Based on High\u2010Resolution Vessel Wall <scp>MRI<\/scp> Features to Differentiate Moyamoya Disease From 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