{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T03:40:01Z","timestamp":1750390801066,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18KK0450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18KK0450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dynamic changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient (\u0394ADC) during the cardiac cycle reflect water molecule fluctuations in the brain and intracranial conditions. While body position strongly affects intracranial conditions, the relationship between \u0394ADC and body position has been less explored, as conventional MRI is typically performed only in the supine position.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate \u0394ADC and mean ADC (ADC<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>) of the brain in supine and sitting positions using a multi\u2010posture MRI system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine healthy volunteers (all males; mean age, 23.5\u2009years).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title><jats:p>0.4\u2009T, electrocardiographically synchronized single\u2010shot diffusion echo\u2010planar imaging sequence with <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\u2010values of 0 and 500\u2009s\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title><jats:p>ADC maps were generated at multiple cardiac phases in each subject in the sitting and supine positions. For each position, an ADC<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> map was then generated as the voxel\u2010wise mean ADC across all phases, and a \u0394ADC map was generated as the voxel\u2010wise maximum difference in ADC across phases. \u0394ADC and ADC<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> were measured in 2 frontal and 2 occipital lobe regions and averaged. \u0394ADC, ADC<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>, and heart rate (HR) were compared between supine and sitting positions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wilcoxon signed\u2010rank test. Significance was set at <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both \u0394ADC and ADC<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> were significantly higher in the sitting position compared with the supine position (\u0394ADC: 0.84\u2009\u00b1\u20090.06\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s vs. 0.68\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s; ADC<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>: 0.87\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s vs. 0.79\u2009\u00b1\u20090.06\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/s, respectively). These increases were consistent across all participants. In addition, HR was significantly higher in the sitting position compared with the supine position (73.8\u2009\u00b1\u20098.4\u2009bpm vs. 58.1\u2009\u00b1\u20093.7\u2009bpm).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u0394ADC and ADC<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> of the brain are significantly higher in the sitting position than in the supine position.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n<jats:bold>Evidence Level:<\/jats:bold> 2.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n<jats:bold>Technical Efficacy:<\/jats:bold> Stage 1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T09:56:20Z","timestamp":1742723780000},"page":"295-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Body Position on Dynamic Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Changes During the Cardiac Cycle in the Human 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