{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T17:47:43Z","timestamp":1779385663935,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020737","name":"Renji Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIT\u20102024\u20100068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIT\u20102024\u20100068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Blood oxygenation level\u2010dependent (\n BOLD<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n can noninvasively quantify lower extremity perfusion in peripheral artery disease (\n PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) patients. However, its ability to reflect perfusion change in response to lower extremity revascularization (\n LER<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and its prognostic value for clinical outcomes are not fully understood.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n To evaluate\n BOLD MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n response to\n LER<\/jats:styled-content>\n and its predictive value for major adverse cardiovascular events (\n MACE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and major adverse limb events (\n MALE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in\n PAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Type<\/jats:title>\n Prospective.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Population<\/jats:title>\n Forty\u2010one patients (median age, 73\u2009years; 29 men) undergoing LER for symptomatic PAD.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>\n 3.0\u2009T\/BOLD MRI with a multi\u2010echo gradient\u2010recalled echo sequence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment<\/jats:title>\n Pre\u2010 and post\u2010LER BOLD MRI was performed under an ischemia\u2010hyperemia paradigm. Normalized T2* time course curves were generated in each of 5 calf muscle compartments (anterior, lateral, deep posterior, soleus, and gastrocnemius) and times to peak (TTP), minimum\/maximum values, and gradients during hyperemia (Grad) analyzed. Follow\u2010up was every 6\u201312\u2009months via hospital records and telephone interviews for MACE and MALE outcomes. Model 1 (clinical factors) and Model 2 (+BOLD MRI) were compared.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n \n Chi\u2010square test or Fisher's exact test, Student's t\u2010test or Wilcoxon rank\u2010sum test, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), Kaplan\u2013Meier survival analysis, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Significance was set at\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n During a median 38\u2010month follow\u2010up, 9 patients experienced\n MACE<\/jats:styled-content>\n and 20 experienced\n MALE<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Successful\n LER<\/jats:styled-content>\n improved\n TTP<\/jats:styled-content>\n and Grad in all muscle compartments. Grad change (\n \n \u0394Grad\n sol<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and post\u2010\n LER TTP<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n \n TTP\n sol<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in the soleus muscle achieved the highest\n AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n values of 0.92 and 0.80 in predicting\n MACE<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n MALE<\/jats:styled-content>\n , respectively. In multivariable Cox regression analysis,\n \n \u0394Grad\n sol<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n TTP\n sol<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n were independent predictors of\n MACE<\/jats:styled-content>\n (hazard ratio [\n HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ] per standard deviation [\n SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ] increase, 0.23) and\n MALE<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n per\n SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n increase, 1.62), respectively.\n BOLD MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n added incremental prognostic value to clinical factors, increasing C\u2010index by 0.06 for\n MACE<\/jats:styled-content>\n and 0.05 for\n MALE<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n BOLD MRI showed perfusion changes in skeletal muscles following revascularization and provided incremental prognostic value in PAD patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n 2.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n Stage 4.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T14:30:32Z","timestamp":1752071432000},"page":"1711-1722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Use of Blood Oxygenation Level\u2010Dependent\n MRI<\/scp>\n to Predict Clinical Outcomes After Endovascular Revascularization in Peripheral Artery Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2528-2836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiteng","family":"Suo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Renji Hospital, School of 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