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The differences in VDI were assessed between CADASIL and control groups. The relationships between changes in VDI and cognitive performance and disease burden were studied in the CADASIL group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two\u2010tailed independent samples\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests were employed to assess the difference in VDI between CADASIL and control groups. Generalized linear mixed\u2010effect models were used to assess the associations of VDI with cognitive performance and disease burden. Voxel\u2010wise analyses were performed to further explore the associations of regional VDI with cognitive performance and disease burden after FDR correction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Reduced mean VDI was found in gray matter of CADASIL patients (1.31\u2009\u00b1\u20090.06) compared to controls (1.35\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03), which was significantly associated with lower MoCA scores (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200952.89, SE\u2009=\u200912.99, 95% CI [26.38, 79.40]), and higher cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) burden scores (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u221214.34, SE\u2009=\u20093.22, 95% CI [\u221220.91, \u22127.76]) in CADASIL patients. Voxel\u2010wise analyses revealed reduced regional VDI in regions of the temporal pole, insula, cingulate cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex in CADASIL patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The VDI technique based on high\u2010resolution black\u2010blood MRI demonstrated changes in regional VDI in CADASIL patients and offers a noninvasive imaging tool to advance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying cSVD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Technical Efficiency<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stage 2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T14:10:51Z","timestamp":1755785451000},"page":"157-168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assessment of Small Vessel Density Changes in Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy With Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalophy (\n                    <scp>CADASIL<\/scp>\n                    ) by High\u2010Resolution Black\u2010Blood\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3427-5267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zidong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanhua","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beijing Chaoyang Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunqing","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Huashan Hospital, Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Huashan Hospital, Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5773-0456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beijing Chaoyang Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonggang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0840-7062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danny J. 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