{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T18:27:42Z","timestamp":1770834462896,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n is performed under sedation for patients requiring immobility or for those already sedated for clinical management. Although specialist guidelines advocate for anesthesiologist\u2010led care, non\u2010anesthesiologist\u2010led adult sedation is a common practice worldwide. Furthermore, the increase in risk attributable to sedation has not been quantified.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n To investigate\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n sedation practices in Japan to quantify associated risks and to identify key safety vulnerabilities.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Type<\/jats:title>\n Survey.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Subjects<\/jats:title>\n Data were collected from 549 Japanese medical institutions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment<\/jats:title>\n A web\u2010based questionnaire was distributed to members of major Japanese radiological societies to assess institutional policies, sedation management practices, safety measures, and historical adverse events. The survey primarily concerned deep sedation and general anesthesia in adults but also encompassed questions on minimal\u2010to\u2010moderate sedation and pediatric sedation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n \n Chi\u2010squared test, Welch's\n t<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010test, Fisher's exact test were used. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated based on the cumulative number of adverse events over 2\u2009years to examine the increased risk from sedation.\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05 was considered significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Adult\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n sedation management is typically led by attending physicians (84%) with limited consultation from anesthesiologists for sedation (9.0%) or radiologists for scan indication (5.1%). Safety infrastructure was often inadequate, with\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010compatible ventilators (48%) or syringe pumps (29%) and capnometers (24%). In an analysis combining both pediatric and adult data, the\n ORs<\/jats:styled-content>\n for the total sedated group versus non\u2010sedated group were 62 (95% confidence interval, 54\u201373) for peripheral capillary oxygen saturation drop, 48 (32\u201372) for respiratory arrest, 15 (8.0\u201328) for cardiac arrest, 6.7 (2.0\u201323) for physical trauma, and 8.9 (4.0\u201320) for projectile accidents.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n MRI examinations under sedation are associated with a substantially higher risk of adverse events. Developing and implementing a standardized protocol may mitigate these procedural risks.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n 4.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Stage of Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n 5.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T06:30:52Z","timestamp":1759991452000},"page":"798-810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Safety of\n MRI<\/scp>\n Examinations Under Sedation: A Nationwide Survey in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2132-1642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiori","family":"Amemiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine University of Tokyo Bunkyo\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6212-3351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masako","family":"Kataoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preemptive Medicine and Lifestyle\u2010Related Disease Research Center Kyoto University Hospital Sakyo\u2010ku Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsukasa","family":"Doi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Radiology Service Koseikai Takai Hospital Tenri\u2010shi Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshinori","family":"Hirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto\u2010shi Kumamoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Obata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Inage\u2010ku Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kagayaki","family":"Kuroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human and Information Sciences, School of Information Science and Technology Tokai University Hiratsuka\u2010shi Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-1000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31818fc334"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000458"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14578"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2000.01322.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-023-05635-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000001472"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"1172","article-title":"Joint Recommendations on Sedation for MRI Examinations","volume":"117","author":"Japan Pediatric Society JSoPA, Japanese Society for Pediatric Radiology","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"771","article-title":"Japanese Society for Pediatric Radiology. 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