{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T05:55:44Z","timestamp":1776491744326,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n The growing population of patients with active implantable medical devices (\n AIMDs<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) presents challenges for\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n access. Safety concerns regarding device malfunction and patient risk, demand standardized management strategies.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n To evaluate the safety and feasibility of a structured multidisciplinary safety protocol for 1.5T\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n in\n AIMD<\/jats:styled-content>\n carriers.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Type<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Population<\/jats:title>\n \n 514 consecutive patients with AIMDs (cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009347), auditory implants (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200985), neurostimulators (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200961), and drug delivery systems (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200921)) scheduled for clinical MRI (head (34.3%), spine (19.0%), prostate (10.5%), abdomen\/pelvis (9.5%), knee (8.6%), heart (3.8%), and other sites (14.3%)) between 2019 and 2025.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>\n MRI was performed on 1.5T scanners using predefined protocols, with automatic compliance to device\u2010specific SAR limits through the Philips ScanWise Implant software.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment<\/jats:title>\n The safety protocol included device verification, MRI\u2010mode programming, compliance with manufacturer safety conditions, physiologic monitoring, and post\u2010MRI device interrogation. MRI completion rates, exclusion frequencies, and adverse events were recorded, and exclusion proportions were compared across AIMD categories.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n Descriptive statistics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 514 patients, 50 (9.7%) with\n MR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010unsafe,\n MR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010nonconditional, or artifact\u2010prone devices were not scanned:\n MR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010unsafe (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200923),\n MR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010nonconditional (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200922), or anticipated severe artifacts (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20093). Four hundred and sixty\u2010four (90.3%) patients successfully completed diagnostic\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Two brain examinations were terminated early due to implant\u2010site pain. No device resets, malfunctions, or significant changes in sensing\/pacing thresholds occurred. Internal magnet displacement was observed in three (3.5%) auditory implants, with two requiring surgical repositioning. Exclusion rates varied by device type, ranging from 11% to 14% for\n CIEDs<\/jats:styled-content>\n to 29% for specific neurostimulators.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n A structured, multidisciplinary protocol enables safe MRI in the majority of patients with MR\u2010conditional AIMDs. Standardized pre\u2010MRI screening and management support safe implementation, and improve MRI accessibility for this growing and complex patient population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n 4.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Technical Efficacy Stage<\/jats:title>\n 5.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T13:36:26Z","timestamp":1764164186000},"page":"1392-1401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multidisciplinary Protocol for 1.5T\n MRI<\/scp>\n in Adult Patients With Active Implantable Medical Devices: Safety and Efficacy in a Five\u2010Year Single\u2010Center Experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7972-7362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvano","family":"Filice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Unit Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria of Parma Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Pavarani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria of Parma Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Placci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmology and Electrophysiology Unit Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria of Parma Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2455-8298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Falcioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology and Otoneurosurgery Unit Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria of Parma Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Elena","family":"Manferdini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy Unit Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria of Parma Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13020161"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0115672018286832231218112557"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4258\/hir.2024.30.3.172"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.230102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00117\u2010019\u20100541\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"International Electrotechnical Commission \u201cIEC 62570:2016 \u2013 STANDARD PRACTICE for Marking Medical Devices and Other Items for Safety in the Magnetic Resonance Environment \u201d2016 Geneva Switzerland: IEC."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"\u201cStandard Practice for Marking Medical Devices and Other Items for Safety in the Magnetic Resonance Environment \u201d2023 ASTM International https:\/\/www.astm.org\/f2503\u201020.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration \u201cTesting and Labeling Medical Devices for Safety in the Magnetic Resonance (MR) Environment: Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff \u201d2021 Silver Spring MD U.S. Department of Health and Human Services."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26909"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/ryct.2020200086"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2020.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405\u2010020\u201006464\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Regulation (EU) 2017\/745 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2017 on Medical Devices, Amending Directive 2001\/83\/EC, Regulation (EC) no 178\/2002 and Regulation (EC) No 1223\/2009 and Repealing Council Directives 90\/385\/EEC and 93\/42\/EEC","volume":"117","author":"European Union","year":"2017","journal-title":"Official Journal of the European Union"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp22X720461"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.10.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2308353"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/MDER.S245625"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2019.00111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60050819"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100038\u20101669411"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100039\u20101679891"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17430\/JHS.2021.11.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2019.1609473"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2023.114950"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702\u2010015\u20101425\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2528\/PIERC10041805"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eut206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","unstructured":"International Electrotechnical Commission \u201cIEC 60601\u20132\u201033:2022 \u2013 Medical Electrical Equipment \u2013 Part 2\u201333: Particular Requirements for the Basic Safety and Essential Performance of Magnetic Resonance Equipment for Medical Diagnosis \u201d2022 Geneva Switzerland IEC."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12238"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010024\u201073403\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab350"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","unstructured":"Biotronik \u201cProMRI SystemCheck \u201d2025 Biotronik Website https:\/\/www.promricheck.com\/spring\/main?execution=e2s1."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","unstructured":"Abbott \u201cMRI Ready Product Search \u201d2025 Abbott Website https:\/\/mri.merlin.net\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","unstructured":"Medtronic \u201cMR Conditional Search Tool \u201d2025 Medtronic Website https:\/\/www.medtronic.com\/en\u2010us\/healthcare\u2010professionals\/mri\u2010resources\/mr\u2010conditional\u2010search\u2010tool.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repc.2020.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40463\u2010023\u201000633\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","unstructured":"\u201cImplantable Infusion Pumps in the Magnetic Resonance (MR) Environment: FDA Safety Communication\u2014Important Safety Precautions \u201d2017 MedWatch Safety Alert Silver Spring MD: US Food and Drug Administration."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hroo.2021.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocmr.2024.100995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12020126"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. E.Tiryaki F.Do\u011fang\u00fcn C. B.Dayan P.Wrede andM.Sitti \u201cMRI\u2010Powered Magnetic Miniature Capsule Robot With HIFU\u2010Controlled On\u2010Demand Drug Delivery \u201din2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation(ICRA) London United Kingdom 2023 5420\u20135425 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICRA48891.2023.10161197.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA48891.2023.10161197"}],"container-title":["Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.70188","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmri.70188","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.70188","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T05:13:06Z","timestamp":1775797986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.70188"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmri.70188"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.70188","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-1807","1522-2586"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-1807","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2586","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}