{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T10:45:51Z","timestamp":1776854751124,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016036","name":"Health~Holland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LSH\u2010TKI 25379"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LSH\u2010TKI 25379"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016036","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>4D flow MRI\u2010derived parameters such as wall shear stress (WSS) may improve abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression prediction. Validation of this biomarker is needed, but longitudinal data are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Investigate longitudinal WSS changes and associations with AAA morphology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen patients (mean age 68.7\u2009\u00b1\u20098.9\u2009years; 1 female) with AAA &gt;\u200930\u2009mm in diameter.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3.0\u2009T, 4D flow MRI, 3D cine balanced steady state free precession, and Dixon.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients had baseline and follow\u2010up MRI studies, separated by 6\u2009months. A previously developed automated post\u2010processing 4D flow MRI software was utilized to assess WSS, total lumen, and thrombus volumes. Maximum diameter in the anteroposterior (AP) and left\u2013right (LR) directions was measured by three radiologists (with 13, 12, and 3\u2009years of experience) based on the Dixon MRI at both time\u2010points. Statistically significant growth was defined as an increase exceeding twice the standard error of the measurement. Baseline and follow\u2010up 3D WSS maps were visually compared to identify potential temporal differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Wilcoxon signed\u2010rank test was applied to evaluate differences in diameter, volume, and WSS measurements between baseline and follow\u2010up. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were calculated to assess correlations between (half\u2010year change in) WSS values and AAA diameter and volumes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maximum AAA diameter increased significantly from baseline to follow\u2010up. Also, a significant difference was observed in maximum peak WSS between baseline and follow\u2010up. A significant inverse correlation was observed between the change in minimum peak WSS and AAA lumen volume over follow\u2010up. Visual assessment of WSS maps may improve 4D flow\u2013based AAA surveillance by identifying localized changes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maximum AAA diameter increased over the study period. Changes in WSS were inversely associated with changes in AAA lumen volume over follow\u2010up but not with maximum AAA diameter. Longer follow\u2010up is needed to assess the potential of WSS as a biomarker for AAA progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level 2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level 3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:19:19Z","timestamp":1770812359000},"page":"1380-1391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Longitudinal\n                    <scp>4D<\/scp>\n                    Flow\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Derived Wall Shear Stress in Patients With an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1882-5399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Aalbregt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5950-7539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W.","family":"Stehling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7922-3615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. M.","family":"Schrauben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4982-6615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"van Schuppen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. 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