{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T05:07:31Z","timestamp":1783832851878,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n The demand for cardiac MRI is increasing with the growing burden of cardiovascular disease. However, conventional protocols require sequential acquisitions for multi\u2010breath\u2010hold 2D cine and 3D MR angiography (MRA), which is time\u2010consuming. In addition, breath\u2010hold 2D cine can be challenging for patients with limited breath\u2010hold capacity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To further develop and evaluate a free\u2010breathing 3D whole\u2010heart cine MRI technique for simultaneous assessment of cardiac function and aortic anatomy in a single non\u2010contrast acquisition at 1.5\u2009T.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Type<\/jats:title>\n Prospective.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Subjects<\/jats:title>\n Twenty\u2010four healthy volunteers (mean age 31.8\u2009\u00b1\u20099.9\u2009years, 50% female).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Field Strength\/Sequences<\/jats:title>\n 1.5\u2009T; A cartesian spiral (CASPR) bSSFP 3D cine, 2D cine and 3D mDixon MRA.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment<\/jats:title>\n Acquisition and reconstruction times were assessed for 3D cine at 2.5 and 2.0\u2009mm. LV mass, LVEF, and RVEF were assessed by two observers (5 and 32\u2009years of experience) and compared with 2D cine. Aortic root and ascending aortic areas were compared with 3D MRA. Image quality was evaluated using blood pool\u2010to\u2010myocardium contrast ratio and endocardial\/epicardial edge sharpness. Qualitative image preference was assessed by three observers (5, 32, and 33\u2009years of experience).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n \n One\u2010way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc tests and Bland\u2013Altman analysis with paired\n t<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010tests were used. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) assessed inter\u2010 and intra\u2010observer agreement.\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05 was considered significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Acquisition time was 5\u2009min (2.5\u2009mm) and 7\u2009min (2\u2009mm), versus 11\u2009min for 2D cine and 8\u2009min for 3D MRA. Reconstruction time was approximately 5\u2009min. LV mass showed no differences versus 2D cine. LVEF showed small but significant bias (2.5\u2009mm: 1.38%,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.005; 2.0\u2009mm: 1.39%,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). RVEF showed no significant differences. Ascending aorta areas showed significant differences (0.28mm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n and 0.25mm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n ,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001), while aortic root areas showed no difference versus 3D MRA. Reproducibility was at least moderate (ICC 0.75\u20130.998). 3D cine showed lower contrast and edge sharpness than 2D cine (p\u2009<\u20090.001). Observers preferred 2.0\u2009mm (ICC\u2009=\u20090.64).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Free\u2010breathing 3D cine MRI enables operator\u2010independent, time\u2010efficient, and accurate assessment of cardiac function and aortic anatomy in healthy volunteers in a single non\u2010contrast acquisition at 1.5\u2009T, compared to conventional 2D cine and 3D MRA.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n 2.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n Stage 1.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T05:37:02Z","timestamp":1776749822000},"page":"524-535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Free\u2010Breathing\n 3D<\/scp>\n Whole Heart and Aorta Cine\n MRI<\/scp>\n Without Contrast Agent\u2014Comparison to Clinical Standard"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6164-9196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruixin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Cardio Vascular Imaging Group (CVIG) Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huangling","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Amsterdam University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandru","family":"Cernicanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Philips Benelux Eindhoven the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1946-1715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos","family":"Westenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Cardio Vascular 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