{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T20:29:22Z","timestamp":1786566562924,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["209553\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["209553\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012317","name":"UCLH Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/M008894\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/M008894\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/W006111\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/W006111\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020624","name":"NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020624","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013373","name":"NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013373","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022572","name":"NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022572","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n It is unclear how lung function may recover in patients with residual lung abnormalities (RLAs) following COVID\u201019 pneumonia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate lung function trends over time in patients with RLAs following hospitalization due to COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Type<\/jats:title>\n Prospective, multicenter longitudinal cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Population<\/jats:title>\n \n Twenty\u2010four participants hospitalized due to COVID\u201019 with RLAs identified on CT\u2009\u2265\u20093\u2009months postdischarge (median [IQR] age 69 (15) years; 3 female) underwent at least one MRI at 6\u2009months (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200916), 1\u2009year (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200919), or 2\u2009years (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200914).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>\n \n 1.5\u2009T. Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) 3D spoiled gradient echo,\n 129<\/jats:sup>\n Xe steady state free precession (ventilation),\n 129<\/jats:sup>\n Xe 3D spoiled gradient echo multiple\n b<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010value (diffusion\u2010weighted),\n 129<\/jats:sup>\n Xe 4\u2010echo flyback 3D radial (dissolved phase).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment<\/jats:title>\n \n Pulmonary blood flow, volume, and mean transit time (MTT) were calculated from DCE MRI. The fraction of\n 129<\/jats:sup>\n Xe signal in the red blood cells to membrane (RBC:M) was calculated from the dissolved phase\n 129<\/jats:sup>\n Xe acquisition. Ventilation defect percentage (VDP) was calculated from the\n 129<\/jats:sup>\n Xe ventilation acquisition. Mean diffusive length scale (Lm\n D<\/jats:sub>\n ) was calculated from the\n 129<\/jats:sup>\n Xe diffusion\u2010weighted acquisition.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n \n Changes in metrics with time and associations between metrics were assessed using mixed\u2010effect linear regression. Correlations were tested using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Regional differences were assessed using a Friedman's test with a Bonferroni adjustment.\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05 was considered significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Pulmonary blood flow and MTT improved significantly over time (MTT: 6\u2009months, 15.3 (IQR, 2.0); 1 year, 15.6 (1.4); 2\u2009years, 15.0 (5.3); pulmonary blood flow: 6\u2009months, 75.4 (IQR, 22.0); 1\u2009year, 83.2 (47.4); 2\u2009years, 107.3 (51.1)). RBC:M\n z<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010score was low at all three visits (6\u2009months, \u22122.85 (0.98); 1\u2009year, \u22122.44 (1.34); 2\u2009years, \u22122.60 (1.39)), with no improvement with time (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.993). VDP and Lm\n D<\/jats:sub>\n did not significantly change with time (VDP:\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.100; Lm\n D<\/jats:sub>\n :\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.166).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Improvements in lung perfusion were measured; however, there was no corresponding enhancement in RBC:M.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n Level 2.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n Stage 3.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T06:24:16Z","timestamp":1780035856000},"page":"669-682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Longitudinal\n 1<\/sup>\n H and\n 129<\/sup>\n Xe Lung MRI in Patients With Post\u2010COVID Residual Lung Abnormalities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1080-9861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura C.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Sheffield UK"},{"name":"2 POLARIS, Section of Medical Imaging and Technologies, Division of Clinical, Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"},{"name":"Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1874-4775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilhem J.","family":"Collier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Sheffield UK"},{"name":"2 POLARIS, Section of Medical Imaging and Technologies, Division of Clinical, Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"},{"name":"Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5769-423X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurie J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Sheffield UK"},{"name":"2 POLARIS, Section of Medical Imaging and Technologies, Division of Clinical, Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5382-2097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ho\u2010Fung","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 POLARIS, Section of Medical Imaging and Technologies, Division of Clinical, Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7979-5840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul J. 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