{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:03:04Z","timestamp":1789534984066,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n In cardiac MRI, poor breath\u2010holding may lead to suboptimal image quality. However, the effect of different breath\u2010hold methods on image quality remains unknown.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To explore the effect of respiratory training with different breath\u2010holding methods and identify the optimal technique for reducing respiratory motion artifacts in cardiac MRI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Type<\/jats:title>\n Prospective.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Population<\/jats:title>\n A total of 93 patients undergoing cardiac MRI (64 men and 29 women; mean age of 48.9\u2009\u00b1\u200913.7\u2009years).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Field Strength\/Sequences<\/jats:title>\n 3T, single\u2010shot fast spin\u2010echo sequence, fast imaging employing steady\u2010state acquisition sequence, first\u2010pass perfusion sequence (fast gradient echo), and late gadolinium enhancement sequence (phase\u2010sensitive myocardial delayed enhancement).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment<\/jats:title>\n All patients undergoing cardiac MRI were divided into three groups: mouth\u2010breathing, nasal\u2010breathing, and nose\u2010clip. Respiratory\u2010gated monitoring diagrams, examination duration, and subjective and objective image quality assessments were compared.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n \n One\u2010way ANOVA, Chi\u2010square test, Kruskal\u2013Wallis H test, Kappa test. Statistical significance was set at\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Evaluation of the cardiac MRI respiratory\u2010gated monitoring diagrams showed that the probability of good breath\u2010holding in the nose\u2010clip group was 96.7%, significantly higher than in the mouth\u2010breathing (64.5%) and nasal\u2010breathing groups (75.0%). There was no significant difference in examination duration among groups. Myocardial noise in the mouth\u2010breathing group was significantly higher than those in the other two groups (24.2 [18.3, 32.5] vs. 15.8 [12.5, 23.9]\/19.2 [13.7, 24.4]); blood pool noise was significantly higher than in the nasal\u2010breathing group (34.6 [22.6, 42.9] vs. 24.9 [18.4, 33.8]). However, CNR did not significantly differ among the three groups (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.07). Subjective image quality scores were higher in the nose\u2010clip group than those in the other two groups (26 [86.7%] versus 16 [51.6%]\/18 [56.3%]).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Optimized respiratory training can enhance breath\u2010holding performance and image quality in patients undergoing cardiac MRI. The use of a nose clip for assisted breath\u2010holding was found to be the most effective method.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n 2.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n Stage 2.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T08:12:02Z","timestamp":1782720722000},"page":"987-995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimization of Respiratory Training Methods for Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Zepeng","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University\/Clinical Medical College, Hebei University Baoding China"},{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Precise Imaging of Inflammation Related Tumors Baoding 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