{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:45:38Z","timestamp":1791996338945,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7264243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7264243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chemotherapy\u2010related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a common complication for cancer survivors. The glymphatic system is increasingly recognized as playing a role in cognitive health. However, whether the glymphatic system is associated with CRCI and its dynamic change during chemotherapy remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate longitudinal changes of glymphatic\u2010related MRI metrics during chemotherapy and their association with CRCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective longitudinal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Population<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty two female patients with breast cancer underwent brain MRI and neuropsychological assessments at baseline and after chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Resting\u2010state functional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), 3D T1\u2010weighted magnetization\u2010prepared rapid gradient echo sequence at 3\u2009T.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients were divided into cognitive decline (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200922) and cognitive remain (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200940) groups according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy\u2010Cognitive Function (FACT\u2010Cog) scale. MR metrics, including blood\u2010oxygen\u2010level\u2010dependent cerebrospinal coupling (BOLD\u2010CSF coupling), DTI along the perivascular space (DTI\u2010ALPS) index, fraction of perivascular space (PVS\/ICV), and choroid plexus volume to intracranial volume (ChP\/ICV), were used to reflect glymphatic function.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Linear mixed\u2010effects models were utilized to assess longitudinal trajectories. Analysis of covariance was used to identify differences in glymphatic\u2010related MRI metrics between groups. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine the association between post\u2010chemotherapy cognitive decline and baseline metrics. Significance was defined as\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 or FDR corrected\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After chemotherapy, significant cognitive decline, an increase in PVS\/ICV, ChP\/ICV, and BOLD\u2010CSF coupling strength were observed. Longitudinal changes in MRI metrics did not differ between the cognitive remain and cognitive decline groups (FDR\u2010corrected\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.234\u20130.833). The cognitive decline group had significantly weaker baseline BOLD\u2010CSF coupling strength and larger baseline PVS\/ICV compared to the cognitive remain group. Multivariable linear regression revealed that baseline BOLD\u2010CSF coupling strength and PVS\/ICV were independent predictors for post\u2010chemotherapy MoCA and FACT\u2010cog scores.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Weaker baseline BOLD\u2010CSF coupling strength and larger PVS volume fraction are associated with CRCI. Longitudinal changes of glymphatic\u2010related MRI metrics may not be associated with CRCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stage 5.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T02:44:22Z","timestamp":1783392262000},"page":"1311-1323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association of Baseline Glymphatic\u2010Related\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>\n                    Metrics With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy\u2010Related Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Tian\u2010Ye","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Department of Radiology Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6114-4111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yizhe","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing Technology and Advanced Medical Instrument and Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering &amp; Instrument Science Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao\u2010Shuai","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Department of Radiology Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8483-6873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Breast Center Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun\u2010Xiao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Department of Radiology Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Department of Radiology Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9424-1910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying\u2010Shi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education\/Beijing), Department of Radiology Peking University Cancer Hospital &amp; Institute  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9462-7768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zixuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing Technology and Advanced Medical Instrument and Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering &amp; Instrument Science Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0000000000000498"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2011.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-022-01182-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-95380-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2026.101291"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000210130"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-020-03164-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nov162"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jcrt.jcrt_517_24"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2026.111777"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.70334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa179"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-025-00702-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-023-00811-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0312-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3001233"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax5440"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-017-0617-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988711422528"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23279095.2019.1602530"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.00140"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2026.106819"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2016.93"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14296"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00131-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fradi.2023.1153784"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.70645"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S446531"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"1885","article-title":"Cross\u2010Vendor Test\u2010Retest Validation of Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis Along the Perivascular Space (DTI\u2010ALPS) for Evaluating Glymphatic System Function","volume":"15","author":"Liu X.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging and Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70699"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28643"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X231164337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000013077"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70212"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-10122-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.90549.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.020163"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X15620434"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000438225.02729.04"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.009090"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2024.12.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2025.106815"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2024.01.028"}],"container-title":["Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.70433","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmri.70433","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.70433","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T15:56:24Z","timestamp":1791993384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.70433"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmri.70433"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.70433","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-1807","1522-2586"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-1807","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2586","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}