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Whole\u2010brain, three\u2010dimensional tumor, and 2.5\u2010dimensional tumor inputs were integrated and compared with clinical, conventional MRI morphometric, and combined clinical\u2010MRI baselines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Kruskal\u2013Wallis, Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/Wilcoxon rank\u2010sum, chi\u2010square, Fisher exact, DeLong, and log\u2010rank tests; Benjamini\u2013Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction; calibration, decision curves, edgeR, and correlation\u2010adjusted mean\u2010rank gene\u2010set testing were used. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) summarized discrimination; threshold metrics used the Youden index. Two\u2010sided\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 or FDR\u2010adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 indicated significance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Apparent training AUC was 0.870 (95% CI: 0.830, 0.910); external AUCs were 0.871 (95% CI: 0.821, 0.920), 0.828 (95% CI: 0.761, 0.895), and 0.798 (95% CI: 0.640, 0.956). AUC gains over the combined clinical\u2010MRI morphometric baseline were 0.161 and 0.131 in external cohorts 1 and 2; only cohort 1 remained significant after FDR correction (cohort 2, FDR\u2010adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0897). Immune\/inflammatory and cell\u2010division\/genome\u2010maintenance pathway associations were directionally concordant, significant after FDR correction in both cohorts, and leave\u2010one\u2010out consistent.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiscale MRI deep learning demonstrated favorable discrimination for short\u2010term survival; model output was associated with immune\u2010 and cell\u2010cycle\u2010related transcriptomic programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stage 2.<\/jats:p>\n                  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