{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T05:15:59Z","timestamp":1788585359517,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intracranial solitary fibrous tumors (ISFTs) are frequently misdiagnosed as meningiomas on MRI. Existing MRI signs have been evaluated individually, without a standardized and externally validated diagnostic framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop and validate an MRI\u2010based diagnostic score for intracranial solitary fibrous tumors (ISFT\u2010DS) for the preoperative identification of ISFTs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective multicenter diagnostic accuracy study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Population<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five hundred with ISFTs (mean age, 46.4\u2009\u00b1\u200911.7\u2009years; 269 men), 250 with low\u2010grade meningiomas (mean age, 57.0\u2009\u00b1\u200911.1\u2009years; 51 men), and 250 with high\u2010grade meningiomas (mean age, 49.6\u2009\u00b1\u200914.3\u2009years; 108 men). The development and external validation cohorts included 840 (84%) and 160 (16%) patients, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Fieldstrength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spin\u2010echo T1\u2010weighted imaging (T1WI), fast or turbo spin\u2010echo T2\u2010weighted imaging, and contrast\u2010enhanced spin\u2010echo T1\u2010weighted imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Assessment<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three potential MRI features\u2014T1WI hyperintensity, honeycomb\u2010like cystic change, and trans\u2010compartmental growth pattern\u2014were assessed by three neuroradiologists and combined into the 0\u20133\u2010point ISFT\u2010DS. Diagnostic performance and the effects of standardized training in six readers were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, kappa statistics, receiver operating characteristic analysis, DeLong tests, \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      and Fisher exact tests, analysis of variance, McNemar test, Kruskal\u2013Wallis tests.\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 indicated statistical significance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At an ISFT\u2010DS cutoff of \u2265\u20091, sensitivity\/specificity were 81.4%\/83.3% in the development cohort and 76.3%\/86.3% in the external validation cohort, respectively. Specificity reached 98.3%\/98.8% at \u2265\u20092 and 100%\/100% at 3. Interreader agreement was good to excellent for the three MRI features and the ISFT\u2010DS (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.80\u20130.87). Standardized reader training on the ISFT\u2010DS increased the overall AUC from 0.67 to 0.80 (\u0394AUC\u2009=\u20090.13), with larger gains for Readers 1 and 2 (\u0394AUC\u2009=\u20090.21 and 0.15, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ISFT\u2010DS provides a reproducible and teachable MRI\u2010based scoring system for standardized preoperative identification of ISFTs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stage 2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T04:33:06Z","timestamp":1788582786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>MRI<\/scp>\n                    Signs for the Preoperative Diagnosis of Intracranial Solitary Fibrous Tumors"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Gutian County Hospital  Ningde China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guiling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University  Sanming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiyan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Gutian County Hospital  Ningde China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongkang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Gutian County Hospital  Ningde China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingmei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Gutian County Hospital  Ningde China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuxia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Gutian County Hospital  Ningde China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenguo","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Jixi County Second People's Hospital  Jixi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8109-6347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junlin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Lanzhou University Second Hospital  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7875-692X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuzhu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1112-8699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0609"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5797\/jnet.oa.2020\u20100140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg\u20102015\u2010011980"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.9.JNS171057"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143\u2010023\u201002046\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.6.JNS091660"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.3.JNS091882"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060\u2010018\u20102836\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.4.JNS23147"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2010.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e3182a05687"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2016.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24075"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2019.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.11.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A8703"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2021.106769"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5042356"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2022.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/neurol\u2010india.NI_213_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330\u2010024\u201011082\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2021.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2021.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143\u2010025\u201003937\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330\u2010015\u20104075\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2023.0528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/ryai.230437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/dir.2024.242719"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008\u20105472.CAN\u201022\u20101183"}],"container-title":["Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.70531","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmri.70531","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmri.70531","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T04:33:14Z","timestamp":1788582794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmri.70531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmri.70531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.70531","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-1807","1522-2586"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-1807","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2586","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jmri.70531"}}